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a, PT: \(Fe+S\underrightarrow{t^o}FeS\) (1)
\(FeS+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2S\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeS}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 56x + 88y = 12,24 - 1,28 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2S}+n_{H_2}=n_{FeS}+n_{Fe}=y+x=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,07\left(mol\right)\\y=0,08\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(1\right)}=n_{S\left(1\right)}=n_{FeS}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nFe (ban đầu) = 0,08 + 0,07 = 0,15 (mol) ⇒ a = mFe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)
mS = 0,08.32 + 1,28 = 3,84 (g)
b, nS = 3,84:32 = 0,12 (mol)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,12}{1}\), ta được Fe dư nếu pư hết.
Theo PT: \(n_{FeS\left(LT\right)}=n_S=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{0,08}{0,12}.100\%\approx66,67\%\)
PTHH: \(Fe+S\xrightarrow[]{t^o}FeS\)
Tính theo Fe
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)=n_{FeS}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{FeS}=0,05\cdot88=4,4\left(g\right)\)
a) 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H22Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2
b) nAl=5,427=0,2(mol)nAl=5,427=0,2(mol)
Theo phương trình : nH2=32nAl=0,3(mol)nH2=32nAl=0,3(mol)
→VH2(đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)→VH2(đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)
c) Chất rắn : 0,2(mol)0,2(mol)
CuO dư : 0,2(mol)Cu0,2(mol)Cu
%CuO=0,2.80(0,2.80+0,2.64).100=55,56%%CuO=0,2.80(0,2.80+0,2.64).100=55,56%
%Cu=44,44%%Cu=44,44%
a)\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 0,1 0,3
b)\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
c)\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3
\(m_{Cu}=0,3\cdot64=19,2g\)
nAl = 5.4/27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0.2.......0.6......................0.3
CM HCl = 0.6 / 0.4 = 1.5 (M)
nCuO = 32/80 = 0.4 (mol)
CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
0.2.......0.2..........0.2
Chất rắn : 0.2 (mol) CuO dư , 0.2 (mol) Cu
%CuO =\(\dfrac{0,2.80}{0,2.80+0,2.64}\) 100% = 55.56%
%Cu = 44.44%
a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo phương trình : \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}\left(đktc\right)=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c) Chất rắn : \(0,2\left(mol\right)\)
CuO dư : \(0,2\left(mol\right)Cu\)
\(\%CuO=\dfrac{0,2.80}{\left(0,2.80+0,2.64\right)}.100=55,56\%\)
\(\%Cu=44,44\%\)
a) PTHH : \(2Al+6HCl-->2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl_2+H_2\) (2)
\(H_2+CuO-t^o->Cu+H_2O\) (3)
b) Ta có : \(m_{CR\left(giảm\right)}=m_{O\left(lay.di\right)}\)
=> \(m_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=32-26,88=5,12\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=\frac{5,12}{16}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh (3) : \(n_{H_2\left(pứ\right)}=n_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(tổng.n_{H_2}=\frac{0,32}{80}\cdot100=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\) => \(27a+56b=11\left(I\right)\)
Theo pthh (1) và (2) : \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\frac{3}{2}a+b=0,4\left(II\right)\)
Từ (I) và (II) => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}m_{Al}=27\cdot0,2=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56\cdot0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1 0,15
=> VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: \(0,4>0,15\rightarrow\) CuO dư
Theo pthh: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,15.64}{0,15.64+\left(0,4-0,15\right).80}=32,43\%\\\%m_{CuO}=100\%-32,43\%=67,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a. \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\)
b. \(n_{Al}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
Theo phương trình `(1)` \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15mol\)
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2\left(ĐKTC\right)}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
c. \(CuO+H_2\rightarrow^{t^o}Cu+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
Tỷ lệ \(\frac{0,4}{1}>\frac{0,15}{1}\)
`->CuO` dư
Theo phương trình `(2)` \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{CuO\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,15=0,25mol\)
\(m\left(g\right)\text{ chất rắn }\hept{\begin{cases}CuO_{dư}=0,25mol\\Cu=0,15mol\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow m=0,15.64+0,25.80=29,6g\)
\(\%m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,25.80.100}{29,6}\approx67,6\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-67,6\%=32,4\%\)
a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,05<-0,1<-----------0,05
=> m = 0,05.56 = 2,8 (g)
c) \(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{10}=36,5\left(g\right)\)
Đây bạn:
a, PTHH: Fe + S -> FeS
b, PTHH: Fe + S -> FeS
Tỉ lệ : 1 : 1 : 1
Số mol: 0,15 ----------------------> 0,15
nFeS= 0,15 (mol ) => mFeS = 0,15 . ( 56 + 32 )= 0,15 . 88 = 13,2 ( g ).
c, PTHH: FeS + HCldư -> FeCl2 + H2S
Tỉ lệ : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
Số mol: 0,15 -------------------------> 0,15
nH2S = 0,15 ( mol ) => VH2S= 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 ( l )
Chúc bạn thi tốt !
+PTHH:
Fe + S => FeS
nFe = m/M = 8.4/56 = 0.15 (mol)
Suy ra: nFeS = 0.15 (mol) ===> mFeS = n.M = 0.15 x 13.2 (g)
+PTHH:
FeS + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2S
nFeS = 0.15 (mol) ===> nH2S = 0.15 (mol)
VH2S = 22.4 x 0.15 = 3.36 (l)