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PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{m_{KMnO_4}}{M_{KMnO_4}}=\dfrac{15,8}{158}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. Theo PTHH: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b. PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{1}{0,05}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{n_{Fe}}=\dfrac{1}{0,1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{n_{O_2}}>\dfrac{1}{n_{Fe}}\)
Vậy Fe dư
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{3}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=n_{Fe_3O_4}.M_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}.232\approx7,73g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3(mol)\\ a,2KClO_3\xrightarrow[MnO_2]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\\ 3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{15}.122,5\approx 16,33(g)\)
a)\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2\left(m\right)\)
\(PTHH:2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
tỉ lệ :2 1 1 1
số mol :0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b)\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(m\right)\)
\(PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{ }Fe_3O_4\)
theo phương trình ta có tỉ lệ\(\dfrac{0,2}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\)=>Fe dư
\(PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{}Fe_3O_4\)
tỉ lệ :3 2 1
số mol :0,15 0,1 0,05
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,05.232=11,6\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ca}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.74=22,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{8,4}{232}=\dfrac{21}{580}\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{21}{580}}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{4}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=3n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{63}{580}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Fe}=\dfrac{63}{580}.56=\dfrac{882}{145}\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3,36}{56}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
0,06->0,04------->0,02
=> mFe3O4 = 0,02.232 = 4,64 (g)
b) VO2 = 0,04.22,4 = 0,896 (l)
a. \(2KMnO_4\rightarrow K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=0,6mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,3mol\)
\(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=6,72l\)
\(V_{O_2\text{thực}}=\frac{6,72.75}{100}=5,04l\)
b. \(2KMnO_4\rightarrow K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=3mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{KMnO_4\text{cần}}=\frac{474.100}{80}=592,5g\)
2KMnO4 (63/316 mol) \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) K2MnO4 + MnO2\(\downarrow\) + O2\(\uparrow\) (63/632 mol).
a. Thể tích khí oxi thu được ở đktc là:
V=63/632.22,4=882/395 (lít).
b. Số mol khí oxi phản ứng là (14,4-11,2)/32=0,1 (mol) > 63/632 (mol).
Kết luận: Giả thiết câu b không xảy ra.
a/ Ta có: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{12.25}{122.5}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
2 3
0.1 x
\(=>x=\dfrac{0.1\cdot3}{2}=0.15=n_{O_2}\)
\(=>V_{O_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}KCl+\dfrac{3}{2}O_2\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{12,25}{122,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}< \dfrac{0,15}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Oxi còn dư, Fe p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232\approx15,47\left(g\right)\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{to}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ 3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{to}Fe_3O_4\\ n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{69,6}{232}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{KMnO_4}=2.n_{O_2}=2.0,6=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ m=m_{KMnO_4}=158.1,2=189,6\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)