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Ex1:Complete the second sentence so that it has similar meaning to the first sentence
1>The soil is poisoned because,farmers use too many pesticides and herbicides.
-If.............................famers used too many pesticides and herbicides, the soil would be poisoned ...............................................................................................
2>I can't help you unless you tell me what's wrong.
-If....................................you don't tell me what's wrong , I can't help you ......................................................................................
3>Many people have stomachache due to the contaminated food.
-The food..............................is contaminated so many people have stomacchache ....................................................................
4>Stop swimming in that lake,or you will have skin rashes.
-If...................................you don't stop swimming on that lake, you will have skin rashes........................................................................
5>John lives in the area affected by air pollution,so he has breathing problem.
-Because....................................John lives in the area affested by air pollution, he has breathing problem........................................................................
-If.................................John didn't live in the area affected by air pollution, he wouldn't have breathing problem........................................................................................
6>We use eco-friendly products and we can protect environment.
-It we...........................................use eco-friendly products, we can protect environment.......................................................................
7>I think you should volunteer to clean the beach.
-If I were....................................you, I would volunteer to clean the beach.............................................................
8>The air is polluied,so there are breathing problems(leads).
-> The air pollution leads to breathing problems
9>Their children have birth defects because the parents were exposed to radiotion(so)
-> The parents were exposed to radiotion so their children have birth defects
1. I didn't know that you were in hospital, so I didn't visit you.
If I had known tha you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
2. Hurry up or you will be late
If you don't hurry up, you will be late.
3. She is very busy, so she can't help me now
If she weren't very busy, she could help me now.
4. He didn't phone me because he didn't know my phone number
If he had known my phone number, he would have phoned me.
5. You're unfit because you don't take exercise
If you took (more) exercise, you would be fit/ wouldn’t be unfit.
6. Unless you are careful, you will cut yourself with that knife
If you are not careful, you’ll cut yourself with that knife
7. If i have time, I'll help you. => Unless. I have time, I won’t help you.
......
8. Dick often causes accidents because he drives carelessly
If he had studied his lessons very carefully, he wouldn’t get bad marks now.
9. I can't apply for that job because I don't know English
If Dick drove carefully, he wouldn’t cause accident (often)
10. He didn't study his lessons very carefully, so he gets bad marks now
If I knew English, I could apply for that job.
11. Susan is overweight because she eats too much chocolate
If Susan ate less chocolate, she wouldn’t be overweight
12. His father often punishesvhim for his laziness
If he weren’t lazy, his father wouldn’t punish him (often).
13. Study harder or you'll fail in the next exam
Unless you study harder, you'll fail in the next exam.
14. We did not visit the museum because we had no time
If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
15. Without Jack's help, I wouldn't have been able to move the table
If Jack hadn't helped, I wouldn't have been able to move the table.
1. I didn't know that you were in hospital, so I didn't visit you.
If I had known tha you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
2. Hurry up or you will be late
If you don't hurry up, you will be late.
3. She is very busy, so she can't help me now
If she weren't very busy, she could help me now.
4. He didn't phone me because he didn't know my phone number
If he had known my phone number, he would have phoned me.
5. You're unfit because you don't take exercise
If you took (more) exercise, you would be fit/ wouldn’t be unfit.
6. Unless you are careful, you will cut yourself with that knife
If you are not careful, you’ll cut yourself with that knife
7. If i have time, I'll help you.
Unless. I have time, I won’t help you.
8. Dick often causes accidents because he drives carelessly
If he had studied his lessons very carefully, he wouldn’t get bad marks now.
9. I can't apply for that job because I don't know English
If Dick drove carefully, he wouldn’t cause accident (often)
10. He didn't study his lessons very carefully, so he gets bad marks now
If I knew English, I could apply for that job.
11. Susan is overweight because she eats too much chocolate
If Susan ate less chocolate, she wouldn’t be overweight
12. His father often punishesvhim for his laziness
If he weren’t lazy, his father wouldn’t punish him (often).
13. Study harder or you'll fail in the next exam
Unless you study harder, you'll fail in the next exam.
14. We did not visit the museum because we had no time
If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
15. Without Jack's help, I wouldn't have been able to move the table
If Jack hadn't helped, I wouldn't have been able to move the table.
1. If my parents allowed me to go, I wouldn't have to stay at home.
2. If the computer hadn't broken down, I wouldn't have had to stop my work.
3. If she didn't love him, she wouldn't forgive he easily.
4. If you had often talked to them, they would have understood you.
5. If I had had a dictionary, I could have looked the word up.
6. If Sandra had got her camera, she could take a photo.
7. If I didn't have to work tomorrow evening, I would meet you.
8. If it hadn't been raining, we could have had lunch in the garden.
9. If Susan had got a watch, she wouldn't be often late for work.
10. If he didn't smoke forty cigarettes a day, he wouldn't cough a lot.
11. If I had a boat, I would sail around the world.
12. If they had had a garden, they would have grown vegetables.
13. If I had known his address, I would have given it to you.
14. If the doctor hadn't been so late, he could have seen many patients.
1. The air in John's area is polluted , so he has breathing problem. ( if / because / because of / make / lead )
=>If the air in John's area weren't polluted,he wouldn't have breathing
=>Because The air in John's area is polluted , he has breathing
=>John has breathing because of the polluted air in his area
=>The polluted air in John's area makes him breath
2. The soil is posoned because farmers use too many pesticides and herbicides . ( so )
- If farmer ..didn't use too many pesticides and herbicides,the soil wouldn't be posoned................
=>Farmers use too many pesticides and herbicides,so the soil is posoned
3. Turn off all the lights and you will not pay more money - If you Turn off all the lights,you will not pay more money ..............
Unless you Turn off all the lights,you will pay more money .............. .........................
4. Be careful or you may have an accident -
If .you are careful,you may not have an accident........................
Unless you are careful ,you may have an accident.............................
5. He can't understand what she has said because he doesn't know English . ( If / so / because of )
=>If he knew E,he could understand what she has said
=>he doesn't know E,so He can't understand what she has said
=>Because of not knowing E,he can't understand what she has said
6. Many people have stomachache due to the contaminated food ( because / so / if )
=>Because the food is contaminated,many people have stomachache
7. There is sewage in the lake , so the aquatic animals die . ( because / result / due to / make if )
=>Because there is sewage in the lake,the aquatic animals die
=>Ban lm tg tu nhes
1, If he didn't have to study for his exam, he could go out
2, If she weren't lazy, she could pass the exam
3, If he didn't smoke too much, he could get fid of his cough
4, If he pay me tonight, i would have enough money to buy a car
5, If she weren't very shy, she would enjoy the party
6, If i got a work permit, i would stay for another month
7, Câu này mình không biết chuyển thế nào ┐( ´ ～｀)┌
8, If i had the right change, we could get the ket
9, If you didn't study hard, you would pass the exam
10, If you weren't impatient, you would make mistakes
1 I'm busy so i can't go out with my friends
➞ If i had free time, i could go out with my friends
2 He plays soccer well so he can take part in the Games
➞ If he plays soccer well, he can take part in the Games
3 She can't go to the party because i don't invite her
➞ If i invited her, she could go to the party
4 I can't get a job easily because I don't have a degree
➞ If i had a degree, i could get a job easily
5 He doesn't have enough money , so he doesn't buy a house
➞ If he had enough money, he would buy a house
6 It is raining heavily so we can't go to the market
➞ If it weren't raining heavily, we could go to the market
7 He will go to watch the World Cup because he is studying in Russi
➞ If he studies in Russi, he will go to watch World Cup
8 I didn't talk to him because i didn't know him
➞ If i had knonw him, i would have talked to him
9 John didn't have money so he couldn't lend you some
➞ If he had had money, he could have lent you some
10 We couldn't go out because the weather was so bad
➞If the weather hadn't been so bad, we could have gone out
11 Mary didn't wear the raincoat, so she got a cold
➞If Mary had worn the raincoast, she wouldn't have got cold
12 Marry was injured in the crash because she wasnot wearing the seat belt
➞ If Marry had been wearing the seat belt, she wouldn't have been injured in the crash
13 Carol didn't answer the phone because he was studying
➞ If Carol hadn't been studying, he would have answered
14 You didn't eat breakfast, so you are hungry now
➞If you had eaten breakfast, you wouldn't be hungry now
15 I stayed up late last night, so i feel asleep now
➞If i hadn't stayed up late last night, i wouldn't feel asleep now
16 I can't retell the film now because i didn't watch it last night
➞If i had watched the film last night, i could retell it now
17 He is tired now because he drank too much yesterday evening
➞If he hadn't drunk too much yesterday evening, he wouldn't be tired now
18 I bought the car yesterday, so I run out of money now
➝ If i hadn't bought the car yesterday, i wouldn't run out of money now
19 He didn't go to the class regularly, so he can't take part in the competition now
➞If he had gone to the class regularly, he could take part in the competition now
Choose the best answer
21. _______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.
A. In spite B. Despite C. But D. Although
22. _____________, he could not finish the job.
A. As hard as he work B. Despite he worked hard C. Though he worked hard D. Although hard work
23. He went to work _____________ his headache.
A. despite B. although C. because D. because of
24. Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.
A. the weather is bad B. it is a bad weather C. the bad weather D. the weather was bad
25. Julie failed the exam _______ of working very hard.
A. despite B. in spite C. even if D. though
26. Tom went to work despite _______.
A. that he did not feel very well B. of the fact not feeling well C. he did not feel very well D. not feeling very well
27. Though _______, they are good friends.
A. their sometimes quarrel B. to have a quarrel sometimes C. they sometimes have a quarrel D. of having a quarrel sometimes
28. Despite _______, we arrived on time.
A. the traffic B. of the traffic C. there was heavy traffic D. of there was heavy traffic
29. ___________it was very cold, she did not put on her coat.
A. In case B. But C. Even if D. Although
30. __________ rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football games
A. Despite B. Although C. Despite of D. Although
31. __________it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because
32. We understood him __________ he spoke very fast.
A. because of B. though C. in spite of D. despite
33. _________ all my warnings, he tried to fix the computer himself.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
34. Hans finished school __________ his leg injury.
A. because of B. despite C. though D. because
35. I try to do my homework ___________ the noise
A. because of B. although C. despite of D. in spite of
36. ___________ it rained heavily, we enjoyed our holiday.
A. Because of B. Because C. Despite D. Though
37. ___________ having little money, they are happy.
A. Despite B. Because of C. Although D. Because
38. ____________ she was not well, she still went to work.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
39. We are going to have a picnic _____________ the bad weather.
A. because B. despite C. although D. because of
40. __________ his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. Because of B. Because C. Though D. Despite
Choose the best answer
21. _______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.
A. In spite B. Despite C. But D. Although
22. _____________, he could not finish the job.
A. As hard as he work B. Despite he worked hard C. Though he worked hard D. Although hard work
23. He went to work _____________ his headache.
A. despite B. although C. because D. because of
24. Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.
A. the weather is bad B. it is a bad weather C. the bad weather D. the weather was bad
25. Julie failed the exam _______ of working very hard.
A. despite B. in spite C. even if D. though
26. Tom went to work despite _______.
A. that he did not feel very well B. of the fact not feeling well C. he did not feel very well D. not feeling very well
27. Though _______, they are good friends.
A. their sometimes quarrel B. to have a quarrel sometimes C. they sometimes have a quarrel D. of having a quarrel sometimes
28. Despite _______, we arrived on time.
A. the traffic B. of the traffic C. there was heavy traffic D. of there was heavy traffic
29. ___________it was very cold, she did not put on her coat.
A. In case B. But C. Even if D. Although
30. __________ rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football games
A. Despite B. Although C. Despite of D. Although
31. __________it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because
32. We understood him __________ he spoke very fast.
A. because of B. though C. in spite of D. despite
33. _________ all my warnings, he tried to fix the computer himself.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
34. Hans finished school __________ his leg injury.
A. because of B. despite C. though D. because
35. I try to do my homework ___________ the noise
A. because of B. although C. despite of D. in spite of
36. ___________ it rained heavily, we enjoyed our holiday.
A. Because of B. Because C. Despite D. Though
37. ___________ having little money, they are happy.
A. Despite B. Because of C. Although D. Because
38. ____________ she was not well, she still went to work.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
39. We are going to have a picnic _____________ the bad weather.
A. because B. despite C. although D. because of
40. __________ his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. Because of B. Because C. Though D. Despite
II. Complete the sentences with either BECAUSE or BECAUSE OF:
1. We postponed our trip because of the bad driving conditions.
2. Sue’s eyes were red because she had been swimming in a chlorinated pool.
3. We can’t visit the museum tomorrow because it isn’t open.
4. Jim had to give up jogging because of his sprained ankle. (mắt cá bong gân)
5. Because heavy fog at the airport, we had to stay in Boston an extra day.
6. Please walk carefully because the walkway is slippery (adj-trơn) when wet.
7. Thousands of Irish people emigrated to the United States because of the potato famine
(nạn đóikém/sự khan hiếm) in Ireland in the middle of the nineteenth century
8. My lecture notes(diễn thuyết) were incomplete because the instructor talked too fast.
9. Because it rained, we stayed home.
10. A tomato is classified(xếp loại) as a fruit, but most people consider it a vegetable because
it is prepared and eaten in the same way as lettuce(rau diếp), onions and other vegetables.
III. Complete the sentences with THOUGH(mặc dầu) or BECAUSE :
1. I put on sunglasses though it was a dark, cloudy day.
2. I put on sunglasses because the sun was bright.
3. Though she has a job, she doesn’t make enough money to support her four chidren.
4. Because she has a job, she is able to pay her rent and provide food her four children.
5. I’m going horseback riding with Judy this afternoon though I’m afraid of horse.
6. Though Tom didn’t know how to dance, he wanted to go the school dance because he felt lonely sitting and staring blankly at the TV while all of his friends were having fun together.
IV- BECAUSE + CLAUSE / SENTENCE / BECAUSE OF + NOUN / PHRASE
1. He is bad at English because he is very lazy.
- He is bad at English because of his laziness.
2. He didn’t come to class because he was ill.
- He didn’t come to class because of his illness.
3. Everyone likes and admires her because of her intelligence.
- Everyone likes and admires her because she is intelligent.
4. The flight 202 was delayed because the weather was bad.
- The flight 202 was delayed because of the bad weather.
5. He decided to accept the job because the salary was high.
- He decided to accept the job because of the high salary.
6. I didn’t come on time because it rained heavily.
- I didn’t come on time because of the heavy rain.
7. She smiles because she is very happy.
- She smiles because of her happiness.
8. They can’t miss the meeting because it is very important.
- They can’t miss the meeting because of its importance.
9. I was late for the meeting because the traffic was heavy.
- I was late for the meeting because of the heavy traffic.
10. My grandmother can’t work hard because she is very old.
- My grandmother can’t work hard because of her old age.
11. He likes her because she’s very beautiful and attractive.
- He likes her because of her beauty and atraction.
12. He didn’t go to school because he was very poor.
- He didn’t go to school because of his poorness.
13. He broke the glass because he was careless.
- He broke the glass because of his carelessness.
14. He left school because his life was hard.
- He left school because of his hard life.
15. My little brother can’t chew well because of his toothache.
- My little brother can’t chew well because he has a toothache.
16. I can’t play basketball because of my height.
- I can’t play basketball because I'm heavy.
17. We can’t swim in this part of the river because of highly polluted water.
- We can’t swim in this part of the river because the water is highly polluted.
18. We spent the whole day in the garden because of lovely weather.
- We spent the whole day in the garden because the weather was lovely.
19. Two cars can’t pass each other because of the narrow road.
- Two cars can’t pass each other because the road is narrow.
20. Nobody can do this test because of its difficulty.
- Nobody can do this test because it's difficult.