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Lời giải:
a)
\(\lim\limits_{x\to-1}\frac{\sqrt[3]{x}+1}{2x^2+5x+3}=\lim\limits_{x\to-1}\frac{x+1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}-\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+3\right)}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\to-1}\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}-\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)\left(2x+3\right)}=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(-1\right)^2}-\sqrt[3]{-1}+1\right)\left(2.-1+3\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
b)
\(\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{\sqrt[3]{x^2}-2\sqrt[3]{x}+1}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{9}\)
c)
\(\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{\sqrt[4]{x}-1}{x^3+x^2-2}=\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{\sqrt[4]{x}-1}{(x-1)(x^2+2x+2)}=\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{x-1}{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt[4]{x}+1)(x-1)(x^2+2x+2)}\)
\(=\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{1}{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt[4]{x}+1)(x^2+2x+2)}=\frac{1}{(1+1)(1+1)(1+2.1+2)}=\frac{1}{20}\)
d)
\(\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x}{x^2+2x}=\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{2x+12+x^3}{(\sqrt[3]{(2x+12)^2}-x\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x^2).x(x+2)}\)
\(=\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{(x+2)(x^2-2x+6)}{(\sqrt[3]{(2x+12)^2}-x\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x^2).x(x+2)}=\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{x^2-2x+6}{(\sqrt[3]{(2x+12)^2}-x\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x^2).x}\)
\(=\frac{-7}{12}\)
Lời giải:
a)
\(\lim\limits_{x\to-1}\frac{\sqrt[3]{x}+1}{2x^2+5x+3}=\lim\limits_{x\to-1}\frac{x+1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}-\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+3\right)}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\to-1}\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}-\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)\left(2x+3\right)}=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(-1\right)^2}-\sqrt[3]{-1}+1\right)\left(2.-1+3\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
b)
\(\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{\sqrt[3]{x^2}-2\sqrt[3]{x}+1}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\to1}\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{x}+1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{9}\)
c)
\(\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{\sqrt[4]{x}-1}{x^3+x^2-2}=\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{\sqrt[4]{x}-1}{(x-1)(x^2+2x+2)}=\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{x-1}{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt[4]{x}+1)(x-1)(x^2+2x+2)}\)
\(=\lim_{x\to 1}\frac{1}{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt[4]{x}+1)(x^2+2x+2)}=\frac{1}{(1+1)(1+1)(1+2.1+2)}=\frac{1}{20}\)
d)
\(\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x}{x^2+2x}=\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{2x+12+x^3}{(\sqrt[3]{(2x+12)^2}-x\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x^2).x(x+2)}\)
\(=\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{(x+2)(x^2-2x+6)}{(\sqrt[3]{(2x+12)^2}-x\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x^2).x(x+2)}=\lim_{x\to -2}\frac{x^2-2x+6}{(\sqrt[3]{(2x+12)^2}-x\sqrt[3]{2x+12}+x^2).x}\)
\(=\frac{-7}{12}\)
Thấy : \(\sqrt{x^2+x+3}-x^2+1=\sqrt{x^2+x+3}-\left(x^2-1\right)=\dfrac{x^2+x+3-\left(x^2-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x^2+x+3}+x^2-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x+3-x^4+2x^2-1}{...}=\dfrac{-x^4+3x^2+x+2}{...}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+2x^2+x+1\right)}{...}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+x+3}-x^2+1}{x^2-4}=\dfrac{-\left(x^3+2x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left[\sqrt{x^2+x+3}+x^2-1\right]}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+x+3}-x^2+1}{x^2-4}=\dfrac{-\left(2^3+2.2^2+2+1\right)}{4.\left[\sqrt{2^2+2+3}+2^2-1\right]}=-\dfrac{19}{24}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+x+3}-x^2+1}{x^2-4}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\dfrac{2x+1}{2\sqrt{x^2+x+3}}-2x}{2x}=\dfrac{\dfrac{2.2+1}{2\sqrt{4+2+3}}-4}{4}=-\dfrac{19}{24}\)
\(a=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^+}\frac{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^+}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}}+\frac{x-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\right)\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^+}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}}+\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\sqrt{x+1}}\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+0=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(b=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^{n-1}+x^{n-2}+...+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^{m-1}+x^{m-2}+...+x+1\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x^{n-1}+x^{n-2}+...+1}{x^{m-1}+x^{m-2}+...+1}=\frac{n}{m}\)
\(c=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x-1+x^2-1+...+x^n-1}{x-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x-1}{x-1}+\lim\limits_{\rightarrow1}\frac{x^2-1}{x-1}+...+\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x^n-1}{x-1}\)
Áp dụng kết quả câu b ta được:
\(c=\frac{1}{1}+\frac{2}{1}+...+\frac{n}{1}=1+2+..+n=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-3}\frac{\sqrt{2x+10}-\sqrt[3]{x+11}}{x^3+27}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-3}\frac{\sqrt{2x+10}-2+2-\sqrt[3]{x+11}}{x^3+27}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-3}\frac{\frac{2\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{2x+10}+2}+\frac{-3-x}{4+2\sqrt[3]{x+11}+\sqrt[3]{\left(x+11\right)^2}}}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)}\)
=> \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-3}S=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-3}\frac{\frac{2}{\sqrt{2x+10}+2}-\frac{1}{4+2\sqrt[3]{x+11}+\sqrt[3]{\left(x+11\right)^2}}}{x^2-3x+9}=\frac{5}{324}\)