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Bài 4:
\(=x^3-x^2-2x^2+2x=x^3-3x^2+2x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Vì x;x-1;x-2 là 3 số liên tiếp
nên \(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)⋮3!=6\)(đpcm)
Câu 20:
Ta có: \(\widehat{A}-\widehat{B}=40^0\Rightarrow\widehat{B}=\widehat{A}-40^0\)
\(\widehat{A}=2\widehat{C}\Rightarrow\widehat{C}=\frac{\widehat{A}}{2}\)
Vì AB//CD (gt) \(\Rightarrow\widehat{A}+\widehat{D}=180^0\)(hai góc trong cùng phía)\(\Rightarrow\widehat{D}=180^0-\widehat{A}\)
Tứ giác ABCD \(\Rightarrow\widehat{A}+\widehat{B}+\widehat{C}+\widehat{D}=360^0\Rightarrow\widehat{A}+\left(\widehat{A}-40^0\right)+\frac{\widehat{A}}{2}+\left(180^0-\widehat{A}\right)=360^0\)
Và đến đây bạn dễ dàng tìm được góc A và từ đó suy ra được góc D.
Câu 29: Ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y=3\\yz+y+z=8\\xz+x+z=15\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y+1=4\\yz+y+z+1=9\\xz+x+z+1=16\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)=4\\y\left(z+1\right)+\left(z+1\right)=9\\x\left(z+1\right)+\left(z+1\right)=16\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=4\\\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)=9\\\left(z+1\right)\left(x+1\right)=16\end{cases}}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=a\\y+1=b\\z+1=c\end{cases}}\)với a,b,c > 1, khi đó ta có
\(\hept{\begin{cases}ab=4\\bc=9\\ca=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}abbc=4.9\\c=\frac{9}{b}\\ca=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}16b^2=36\\c=\frac{9}{b}\\a=\frac{16}{c}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}b^2=\frac{36}{16}=\frac{9}{4}\\c=\frac{9}{b}\\a=\frac{16}{c}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}b=\frac{3}{2}\\c=\frac{9}{\frac{3}{2}}=6\\a=\frac{16}{6}=\frac{8}{3}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=a-1=\frac{8}{3}-1=\frac{5}{3}\\y=b-1=\frac{3}{2}-1=\frac{1}{2}\\z=c-1=6-1=5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(P=x+y+z=\frac{5}{3}+\frac{1}{2}+5=\frac{10+3+30}{6}=\frac{43}{6}\)
Bài 3:
a) \(\left(2-3x\right)^2-\left(3-x\right)^2=\left[\left(2-3x\right)-\left(3-x\right)\right]\left[\left(2-3x\right)+\left(3-x\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(-1-2x\right)\left(5-4x\right)\)
b) \(49\left(x-3\right)^2-9\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left[7\left(x-3\right)\right]^2-\left[3\left(x+2\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left[\left(7x-21\right)-\left(3x+6\right)\right]\left[\left(7x-21\right)+\left(3x+6\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(4x-27\right)\left(10x-15\right)\)
c) \(2xy-x^2-y^2+16=16-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(16-x+y\right)\left(16+x-y\right)\)
d) \(2\left(x-3\right)+3\left(x^2-9\right)=2\left(x-3\right)+3\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(3x+11\right)\)
e) \(16x^2-\left(x^2+4\right)^2=\left(4x-x^2-4\right)\left(4x+x^2+4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+2\right)^2\)
f) \(1-2x+2yz+x^2-y^2-z^2=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-1-y+z\right)\left(x-1+y-z\right)\)
Bài 5:
a) \(x^2+4x-5=x^2-x+5x-5=x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b) \(2x^2-14x+20=2x^2-4x-10x+20=2x\left(x-2\right)-10x\left(x-2\right)=2\left(x-5\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
c) \(3x^2+8x+5=3x^2+3x+5x+5=3x\left(x+1\right)+5\left(x+1\right)=\left(3x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d) \(6x^2-xy-7y^2=6x^2+6xy-7xy-7y^2=6x\left(x+y\right)-7y\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(6x-7y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
Bài 4:
a) \(x^3-6x^2+12x-8=x^3-2.3.x^2+3.2^2.x-2^3=\left(x-2\right)^3\)
b) \(\left(x-1\right)^3+\left(3-x\right)^3=\left(x-1+3-x\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)+\left(3-x\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2x+1+x^2-4x+3+x^2-6x+9\right)\)
\(=2\left(3x^2-12x+13\right)\)
c) \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)^3-3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y+z\right)^2-3xy-3yz-3zx\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(x^6+x^4-3x^2-4x+6\)
\(=\left(x^6+2x^5+4x^4+6x^3+5x^2\right)-\left(2x^5+4x^4+8x^3+12x^2+10x\right)+\left(x^4+2x^3+4x^2+6x+5\right)+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x^4+2x^3+4x^2+6x+5\right)-2x\left(x^4+2x^3+4x^2+6x+5\right)+\left(x^4+2x^3+4x^2+6x+5\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^4+2x^3+4x^2+6x+5\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1\)
\(=\left[\left(x^4+2x^3+x^2\right)+3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+2\right]\left(x-1\right)^2+1\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2+x\right)^2+3\left(x+1\right)^2+2\right]\left(x-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=1\)