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a) MTC : \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
Quy đồng :
\(\frac{x-1}{x^3+1}=\frac{x-1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{2x}{x^2-x+1}=\frac{2x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{2}{x+1}=\frac{2\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
b ) MTC : \(10x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)\)
\(\frac{7}{5x}=\frac{7.2.\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}{10x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{4}{x-2y}=\frac{-4.10x.\left(2y+x\right)}{10x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}=\frac{-40x\left(2y+x\right)}{10x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{x-y}{8y^2-2x^2}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(4y^2-x^2\right)}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}=\frac{5x\left(x-y\right)}{10x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
c ) MTC : \(\left(x+2\right)^3\)
\(\frac{6x^2}{x^3+6x^2+12x+8}=\frac{6x^2}{\left(x+2\right)^3}\)
\(\frac{3x}{x^2+4x+4}=\frac{3x}{\left(x+2\right)^2}=\frac{3x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^3}\)
\(\frac{2}{2x+4}=\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)^3}\)
Bài giải
a) \(\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{x.\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right).x}=\dfrac{x^2-2x}{x\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{8}{2x-x^2}=\dfrac{8}{x\left(2-x\right)}=-\dfrac{8}{x\left(x-2\right)}=-\dfrac{8.\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
b) \(x^2+1=\dfrac{x^2+1}{1}=\dfrac{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{x^4-1}{x^2-1}\)
\(\dfrac{x^4}{x^2-1}\) giữ nguyên.
c) \(\dfrac{x^3}{x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3}=\dfrac{x^3}{\left(x-y\right)^3}=\dfrac{x^3.y}{\left(x-y\right)^3.y}=\dfrac{x^3y}{y\left(x-y\right)^3}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{y^2-xy}=\dfrac{x}{y.\left(y-x\right)}=-\dfrac{x}{y.\left(x-y\right)}=-\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)^2}{y.\left(x-y\right).\left(x-y\right)^2}=\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)^2}{y.\left(x-y\right)^3}\)
a: \(\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{2x-x^2}{x\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{8}{2x-x^2}=\dfrac{8}{x\left(2-x\right)}=\dfrac{8x+16}{x\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}\)
b: \(x^2+1=\dfrac{x^4-1}{x^2-1}\)
\(\dfrac{x^4}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{x^4}{x^2-1}\)
c: \(\dfrac{x^3}{x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3}=\dfrac{x^3}{\left(x-y\right)^3}=\dfrac{x^3y}{y\cdot\left(x-y\right)^3}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{y^2-xy}=\dfrac{x}{y\left(y-x\right)}=\dfrac{-x}{y\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{-x\left(x-y\right)^2}{y\left(x-y\right)^3}\)
1.
a) \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
a, \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+4\right)+\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=-4\) hoặc \(x=-1\)
b, \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=3\) hoặc \(x=-2\)
Sử dụng định lý Bezout:
a/ \(g\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(x\right)⋮g\left(x\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(1\right)=0\\f\left(2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=1\\2a+b=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(g\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right)=0\Rightarrow-a+b=2\Rightarrow b=a+2\)
Tất cả các đa thức có dạng \(f\left(x\right)=2x^3+ax+a+2\) đều chia hết \(g\left(x\right)=x+1\) với mọi a
c/ \(g\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-2\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right)=0\Rightarrow4a+b=-30\)
\(2x^4+ax^2+x+b=\left(x^2-1\right).Q\left(x\right)+x\)
Thay \(x=1\Rightarrow a+b=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+b=-30\\a+b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\frac{28}{3}\\b=\frac{22}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(2\right)=8a+4b-40=0\\f\left(-5\right)=-125a+25b-75=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\\b=\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y\)
\(=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
\begin{array}{l} a){\left( {ab - 1} \right)^2} + {\left( {a + b} \right)^2}\\ = {a^2}{b^2} - 2ab + 1 + {a^2} + 2ab + {b^2}\\ = {a^2}{b^2} + 1 + {a^2} + {b^2}\\ = {a^2}\left( {{b^2} + 1} \right) + \left( {{b^2} + 1} \right)\\ = \left( {{a^2} + 1} \right)\left( {{b^2} + 1} \right)\\ c){x^3} - 4{x^2} + 12x - 27\\ = {x^3} - 27 + \left( { - 4{x^2} + 12x} \right)\\ = \left( {x - 3} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 3x + 9} \right) - 4x\left( {x - 3} \right)\\ = \left( {x - 3} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 3x + 9 - 4x} \right)\\ = \left( {x - 3} \right)\left( {{x^2} - x + 9} \right)\\ b){x^3} + 2{x^2} + 2x + 1\\ = {x^3} + 2{x^2} + x + x + 1\\ = x\left( {{x^2} + 2x + 1} \right) + \left( {x + 1} \right)\\ = x{\left( {x + 1} \right)^2} + \left( {x + 1} \right)\\ = \left( {x + 1} \right)\left( {x\left( {x + 1} \right) + 1} \right)\\ = \left( {x + 1} \right)\left( {{x^2} + x + 1} \right)\\ d){x^4} - 2{x^3} + 2x - 1\\ = {x^4} - 2{x^3} + {x^2} - {x^2} + 2x - 1\\ = {x^2}\left( {{x^2} - 2x + 1} \right) - \left( {{x^2} - 2x + 1} \right)\\ = \left( {{x^2} - 2x + 1} \right)\left( {{x^2} - 1} \right)\\ = {\left( {x - 1} \right)^2}\left( {x - 1} \right)\left( {x + 1} \right)\\ = {\left( {x - 1} \right)^3}\left( {x + 1} \right)\\ e){x^4} + 2{x^3} + 2{x^2} + 2x + 1\\ = {x^4} + 2{x^3} + {x^2} + {x^2} + 2x + 1\\ = {x^2}\left( {{x^2} + 2x + 1} \right) + \left( {{x^2} + 2x + 1} \right)\\ = \left( {{x^2} + 2x + 1} \right)\left( {{x^2} + 1} \right)\\ = {\left( {x + 1} \right)^2}\left( {{x^2} + 1} \right) \end{array} |
a, Ta có : \(3\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x+3\right)=-15\)
=> \(3x-3-2x-6=-15\)
=> \(3x-3-2x-6+15=0\)
=> \(x=-6\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là x = -6 .
b, Ta có : \(3\left(x-1\right)+2=3x-1\)
=> \(3x-3+2=3x-1\)
=> \(3x-3+2-3x+1=0\)
=> \(0=0\)
Vậy phương trình có vô số nghiệm .
c, Ta có : \(7\left(2-5x\right)-5=4\left(4-6x\right)\)
=> \(14-35x-5=16-24x\)
=> \(14-35x-5-16+24x=0\)
=> \(-35x+24x=7\)
=> \(x=\frac{-7}{11}\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là \(x=\frac{-7}{11}\) .
Bài 2 :
a, Ta có : \(\frac{x}{30}+\frac{5x-1}{10}=\frac{x-8}{15}-\frac{2x+3}{6}\)
=> \(\frac{x}{30}+\frac{3\left(5x-1\right)}{30}=\frac{2\left(x-8\right)}{30}-\frac{5\left(2x+3\right)}{30}\)
=> \(x+3\left(5x-1\right)=2\left(x-8\right)-5\left(2x+3\right)\)
=> \(x+15x-3=2x-16-10x-15\)
=> \(x+15x-3-2x+16+10x+15=0\)
=> \(24x+28=0\)
=> \(x=\frac{-28}{24}=\frac{-7}{6}\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là \(x=\frac{-7}{6}\) .
b, Ta có : \(\frac{x+4}{5}-x+4=\frac{x}{3}-\frac{x-2}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{6\left(x+4\right)}{30}-\frac{30x}{30}+\frac{120}{30}=\frac{10x}{30}-\frac{15\left(x-2\right)}{30}\)
=> \(6\left(x+4\right)-30x+120=10x-15\left(x-2\right)\)
=> \(6x+24-30x+120=10x-15x+30\)
=> \(6x+24-30x+120-10x+15x-30=0\)
=> \(-19x+114=0\)
=> \(x=\frac{-114}{-19}=6\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là x = 6 .
Chọn C