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Ta có:
\(V_{C2H5OH}=4,6.14\%=0,644\left(l\right)=644\left(ml\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{C2H5OH}=0,8.644=515,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{C2H5OH}=\frac{515,2}{46}=11,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2O}=4,6-0,644=3,956\left(l\right)=3956\left(ml\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H2O}=3956\left(g\right)\)
Mà H = 30%
\(\Rightarrow n_{C2H5OH\left(pư\right)}=11,2.30\%=3,36\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{^{men.giam}}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O2}=n_{CH3COOH}=3,36\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(spu\right)}=515,2+3956+3,36.32=4578,72\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH3COOH}=\frac{3,36.60}{4578,72}.100\%=4,4\%\)
Câu 1:
PTHH:
\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\rightarrow CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
\(CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Ta có:
\(V_{C2H5OH}=440.5\%=22\left(ml\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{C2H5OH}=0,8.22=17,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CH3COONa}=20,8\Rightarrow n_{CH3COONa}=n_{CH3COOH}=n_{C2H5OH\left(pư\right)}=\frac{20,8}{82}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{C2H5OH\left(pư\right)}=\frac{20,8}{82}.46=11,67\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\frac{11,67}{17,6}=66,3\%\)
Câu 2:
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{\text{metan}}:x\left(mol\right)\\n_{\text{etilen}}:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow2CO_2+2H_2O\)
Giải hệ PT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,3\\2x+3y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH4}=\frac{0,1}{0,3}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{C2H4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(n_{CO2}=n_{CH4}+2n_{C2H4}=0,1+0,2.2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2O}=2n_{CH4}+2n_{C2H4}=0,1.2+0,2.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCO3}=n_{CaO}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd\left(giam\right)}=0,5.100-0,5.44-0,6.18=17,2\left(g\right)\)
a) n glucozo = 54/180 = 0,3(mol)
n glucozo pư = 0,3.80% = 0,24(mol)
$C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2 +2 C_2H_5OH$
n C2H5OH = 2n glucozo = 0,48(mol)
m C2H5OH = 0,48.46 = 22,08(gam)
b)
$C_2H_5OH + O_2 \xrightarrow{men\ giấm} CH_3COOH + H_2O$
n CH3COOH = n C2H5OH = 0,48(mol)
C% CH3COOH = 0,48.60/500 .100% = 5,76%
V C 2 H 5 OH = 50.4/100 = 2l
→ m C 2 H 5 OH = 2.1000.0,8 = 1600g
Phương trình hóa học :
C 2 H 5 OH + O 2 → CH 3 COOH + H 2 O
46 gam 60 gam
1600 gam x
x = 1600x60/46
Vì hiệu suất đạt 80% → m CH 3 COOH = 1600.60.80/(46.100) = 1669,6g
→ m giấm = 1669,6/5 x 100 = 33392 (gam) = 33,392 kg
bạn vô trang hóa này đi sẽ có nhiều người giúp bạn https://www.facebook.com/groups/1515719195121273/
a) Ca(OH)2, K2O, Zn, K2CO3, Na,Fe, Al,C2H5OH
b)Na, CH3COOH
c)Ca(OH)2, K2O, Zn, K2CO3, Na,Fe, Al
d)C2H5OH
e)C2H5OH
1.
\(PTHH:2CH_3COOH+Mg\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\)
\(n_{Mg}=\frac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=\frac{120.20}{100}=24\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT:
\(n_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Mg}=\frac{1}{2}n_{CH3COOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Mg}=28,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{spu}}=7,2+120-0,4=126,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH3COOMg}=22,3\%\)
2.
\(PTHH:CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Ta có :
\(m_{CH3COH}=\frac{15.120}{100}=18\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\frac{20.100}{100}=20g\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT thì NaOH dư
\(n_{CH3COONa}=n_{CH3COOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH3COONa}=24,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(spu\right)}=120+100=220\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH3COONa}=11,2\%\)
3.
\(n_{CaO}=\frac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=\frac{200.18}{100}=36\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH3COOH}=\frac{36}{60}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2CH_3COOH+CaO\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,25}{1}< \frac{0,6}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) CaO hết. CH3COOH dư
\(n_{CH3COOH_{dư}}=0,6-0,25.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(thu.duoc\right)}=14+200=214\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{\left(CH3COO\right)2Na}=\frac{0,25.158}{214}.100\%=18,46\%\)
\(C\%_{CH3COOH_{dư}}=\frac{0,1.60}{214}.100\%=2,8\%\)
4.
\(m_{Na2CO3}=\frac{42,4.10}{100}=4,24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na2CO3}=\frac{4,24}{106}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO2}=\frac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2CH_2COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+H_2O+CO_2\)
_______0,04 ___________ 0,02 ____________ 0,04 __________ 0,02
Sau phản ứng Na2CO3 dư.
\(n_{Na2CO3_{dư}}=0,04-0,02=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(CH3COOH\right)}=\frac{2,4.100}{5}.100\%=48\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(Spu\right)}=m_{dd\left(Na2CO3\right)}+m_{dd_{Axit}}-m_{CO2}\)
\(=42,4+48-0,02.44=89,52\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CH3COOH}=0,04.60=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na2CO3\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,02.106}{89,52}.100\%=2,37\%\)
\(C\%_{CH3COONa}=\frac{0,04.82}{89,52}.100\%=3,66\%\)
\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\rightarrow\left(men.giấm\right)CH_3COOH+H_2O\\ V_{C_2H_5OH}=25.4\%=1\left(l\right)=1000\left(ml\right)\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=1000.0,8=800\left(g\right)\\ m_{CH_3COOH\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{800.60}{46}=\dfrac{48000}{46}\left(g\right)\\ m_{CH_3COOH\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{48000}{46}:92\%=1134,2155\left(gam\right)\\ m_{ddCH_3COOH}=1135,2155:5\%=22684,31\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{C_6H_{12}O_6}=\dfrac{45}{180}=0,25mol\)
\(C_6H_{12}O_6\underrightarrow{lênmen}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2\)
0,25 0,5 0,5
\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{mengiấm}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
0,5 0,5
\(C_{M_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{1}=0,5M\)
\(n_{C_6H_{12}O_6}=\dfrac{45}{180}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
C6H12O6 --men rượu--> 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH
0,25-------------------------------------->0,5
C2H5OH + O2 --men giấm--> CH3COOH + H2O
0,5------------------------------------->0,5
\(\rightarrow C_{M\left(CH_3COOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{1}=0,5M\)