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a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a_____2a______a_____a (mol)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b_____3b_______b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=36,1\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{21,28}{22,4}=0,95\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=8,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b+c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2a+3b=1,9\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,9}{0,2}=9,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{10\%}=146\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=156,8\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{156,8}\cdot100\%\approx16,2\%\)
nH2=13,14:22,4=0,6 mol
PTHH: 2Al+6HCl=>2Al2Cl3+3H2
0,4<-1,2<----0,4<-----0,6
=> Al=0,4.27=10,8g
CMHCL=1,2:0,4=3M
CM Al2Cl3=0,4:0,4=1M
bài 2: nH2=0,2mol
PTHH: 2A+xH2SO4=> A2(SO4)x+xH2
0,4:x<---------------------------0,2
ta có PT: \(\frac{13}{A}=\frac{0,4}{x}\)<=> 13x=0,4A
=> A=32,5x
ta lập bảng xét
x=1=> A=32,5 loiaj
x=2=> A=65 nhận
x=3=> A=97,5 loại
=> A là kẽm (Zn)
a)
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{16,8}{56} = 0,3(mol)$
$V = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,3}{0,25} = 1,2M$
b)
$n_{CuO} = \dfrac{16}{80} = 0,2(mol)$
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
$n_{CuO} < n_{H_2}$ nên $H_2$ dư
$n_{Cu} = n_{CuO} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Cu} = 0,2.64 = 12,8(gam)$
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PT:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,3 0,3 0,3 (mol)
a) V= n. 22,4 = 0,3 . 22,4 = 6,72(l)
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}.100\%=11,76\%\)
b) PT: \(H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,3 0,3
=> mCu=n.M=0,3.64=19,2(g)
a,\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
b,\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5.100\%}{150}=4,87\%\)
c,mdd sau pứ= 10+150-0,1.44 = 151,2 (g)
\(C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111.100\%}{151,2}=7,34\%\)
\(a)n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4mol\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,4 1,2 0,4 0,6
\(V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44l\\ b)m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{43,8}{200}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)
hi Thắng tui là @Đinh Trí Gia Bình nek:)