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a.
$x^2-y^2-2x+2y=(x^2-y^2)-(2x-2y)=(x-y)(x+y)-2(x-y)=(x-y)(x+y-2)$
b.
$x^2(x-1)+16(1-x)=x^2(x-1)-16(x-1)=(x-1)(x^2-16)=(x-1)(x-4)(x+4)$
c.
$x^2+4x-y^2+4=(x^2+4x+4)-y^2=(x+2)^2-y^2=(x+2-y)(x+2+y)$
d.
$x^3-3x^2-3x+1=(x^3+1)-(3x^2+3x)=(x+1)(x^2-x+1)-3x(x+1)$
$=(x+1)(x^2-4x+1)$
e.
$x^4+4y^4=(x^2)^2+(2y^2)^2+2.x^2.2y^2-4x^2y^2$
$=(x^2+2y^2)^2-(2xy)^2=(x^2+2y^2-2xy)(x^2+2y^2+2xy)$
f.
$x^4-13x^2+36=(x^4-4x^2)-(9x^2-36)$
$=x^2(x^2-4)-9(x^2-4)=(x^2-9)(x^2-4)=(x-3)(x+3)(x-2)(x+2)$
g.
$(x^2+x)^2+4x^2+4x-12=(x^2+x)^2+4(x^2+x)-12$
$=(x^2+x)^2-2(x^2+x)+6(x^2+x)-12$
$=(x^2+x)(x^2+x-2)+6(x^2+x-2)=(x^2+x-2)(x^2+x+6)$
$=[x(x-1)+2(x-1)](x^2+x+6)=(x-1)(x+2)(x^2+x+6)$
h.
$x^6+2x^5+x^4-2x^3-2x^2+1$
$=(x^6+2x^5+x^4)-(2x^3+2x^2)+1$
$=(x^3+x^2)^2-2(x^3+x^2)+1=(x^3+x^2-1)^2$
Bài 1:
\(a,x^4+5x^2+9\\=(x^4+6x^2+9)-x^2\\=[(x^2)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot3+3^2]-x^2\\=(x^2+3)^2-x^2\\=(x^2+3-x)(x^2+3+x)\)
\(b,x^4+3x^2+4\\=(x^4+4x^2+4)-x^2\\=[(x^2)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot2+2^2]-x^2\\=(x^2+2)^2-x^2\\=(x^2+2-x)(x^2+2+x)\)
\(c,2x^4-x^2-1\\=2x^4-2x^2+x^2-1\\=2x^2(x^2-1)+(x^2-1)\\=(x^2-1)(2x^2+1)\\=(x-1)(x+1)(2x^2+1)\)
Bài 2:
\(a,\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=120\) (1)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+5=y\), khi đó (1) trở thành:
\(\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-1=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=121\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=11\\y=-11\end{matrix}\right.\)
+, TH1: \(y=11\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+6x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\left(\text{nhận}\right)\)
+, TH2: \(y=-11\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=-11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}+\left(\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\right]-\dfrac{25}{4}+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}=0\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}\ge\dfrac{39}{4}>0\forall x\)
Mà \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) loại
Vậy \(x\in\left\{1;-6\right\}\).
\(b,\) Đề thiếu vế phải rồi bạn.
Lời giải:
a.
$=(x^2)^2+(\frac{1}{2}y^4)^2+2.x^2.\frac{1}{2}y^4-x^2y^4$
$=(x^2+\frac{1}{2}y^4)^2-(xy^2)^2$
$=(x^2+\frac{1}{2}y^4-xy^2)(x^2+\frac{1}{2}y^4+xy^2)$
b.
$=(\frac{1}{2}x^2)^2+(y^4)^2+2.\frac{1}{2}x^2.y^4-x^2y^4$
$=(\frac{1}{2}x^2+y^4)^2-(xy^2)^2$
$=(\frac{1}{2}x^2+y^4-xy^2)(\frac{1}{2}x^2+y^4+xy^2)$
c.
$=(8x^2)^2+(y^2)^2+2.8x^2.y^2-16x^2y^2$
$=(8x^2+y^2)^2-(4xy)^2=(8x^2+y^2-4xy)(8x^2+y^2+4xy)$
d.
$=\frac{64x^4+y^4}{64}=\frac{1}{64}(8x^2+y^2-4xy)(8x^2+y^2+4xy)$
c: \(64x^4+y^4\)
\(=64x^4+16x^2y^2+y^4-16x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(8x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(4xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(8x^2+y^2-4xy\right)\left(8x^2+y^2+4xy\right)\)
a/ 2x^2 (x – 1) + 4x (1 – x)
= 2x^2(x – 1) – 4x (x – 1)
= (x – 1)( 2x^2 – 4x)
=2x(x – 1)(x – 2)
\(x^4-27x=x\left(x^3-27\right)=x\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)\)
\(27x^5+x^2=x^2\left(27x^3+1\right)=x^2\left[\left(3x\right)^3+1^3\right]=x^2\left(3x+1\right)\left(9x^2-3x+1\right)\)
a: =x^3(x-y)+(x-y)
=(x-y)(x^3+1)
=(x-y)(x+1)(x^2-x+1)
b: =(a-1)^2-9b^2
=(a-1-3b)(a-1+3b)
e) Ta có: \(x^4-2x^3+2x-1\)
\(=\left(x^4-1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-2x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-1\right)^3\)
h) Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x^2-y^2\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
a. $6x^2-11x=x(6x-11)$
b. $x^7+x^5+1=(x^7-x)+(x^5-x^2)+x+x^2+1$
$=x(x^6-1)+x^2(x^3-1)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=x(x^3-1)(x^3+1)+x^2(x^3-1)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x^3-1)(x^4+x+x^2)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^4+x^2+x)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x^2+x+1)[(x-1)(x^4+x^2+x)+1]$
$=(x^2+x+1)(x^5-x^4+x^3-x+1)$
c.
$x^8+x^4+1=(x^4)^2+2.x^4+1-x^4$
$=(x^4+1)^2-(x^2)^2$
$=(x^4+1-x^2)(x^4+1+x^2)$
$=(x^4+1-x^2)(x^4+2x^2+1-x^2)$
$=(x^4-x^2+1)[(x^2+1)^2-x^2]$
$=(x^4-x^2+1)(x^2+1-x)(x^2+1+x)$
d.
$x^3-5x+8-4=x^3-5x+4$
$=x^3-x^2+x^2-x-(4x-4)$
$=x^2(x-1)+x(x-1)-4(x-1)=(x-1)(x^2+x-4)$
e.
$x^5+x^4+1=(x^5-x^2)+(x^4-x)+x^2+x+1$
$=x^2(x^3-1)+x(x^3-1)+x^2+x+1$
$=(x^3-1)(x^2+x)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2+x)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x^2+x+1)[(x-1)(x^2+x)+1]$
$=(x^2+x+1)(x^3-x+1)$
a) 4x4 - 37x2 + 9 = (4x4 - 36x2) - (x2 - 9)
= 4x2(x2 - 9) - (x2 - 9)
= (4x2 - 1)(x2 - 9)
= (2x - 1)(2x + 1)(x - 3)(x + 3)
b) x4 - 13x2 + 36
= x4 - 4x2 - 9x2 + 36
= x2(x2 - 4) - 9(x2 - 4)
= (x2 - 9)(X2 - 4)
= (x - 3)(x + 3)(x - 2)(x + 2)
c) x4 - 8x2 + 7
= x4 - 7x2 - x2 + 7
= x2(x2 - 7) - (x2 - 7)
= (x2 - 1)(x2 - 7)
= (x - 1)(x + 1)(x2 - 7)
d) x4 - 7x2y2 + 12y4
= x4 - 3x2y2 - 4x2y2 + 12y4
= x2(x2 - 3y2) - 4y2(x2 - 3y2)
= (x2 - 4y2)(x2 - 3y2)
= (x - 2y)(x + 2y)(x2 - 3y2)
Bài làm :
a) 4x4 - 37x2 + 9 = (4x4 - 36x2) - (x2 - 9)
= 4x2(x2 - 9) - (x2 - 9)
= (4x2 - 1)(x2 - 9)
= (2x - 1)(2x + 1)(x - 3)(x + 3)
b) x4 - 13x2 + 36
= x4 - 4x2 - 9x2 + 36
= x2(x2 - 4) - 9(x2 - 4)
= (x2 - 9)(X2 - 4)
= (x - 3)(x + 3)(x - 2)(x + 2)
c) x4 - 8x2 + 7
= x4 - 7x2 - x2 + 7
= x2(x2 - 7) - (x2 - 7)
= (x2 - 1)(x2 - 7)
= (x - 1)(x + 1)(x2 - 7)
d) x4 - 7x2y2 + 12y4
= x4 - 3x2y2 - 4x2y2 + 12y4
= x2(x2 - 3y2) - 4y2(x2 - 3y2)
= (x2 - 4y2)(x2 - 3y2)
= (x - 2y)(x + 2y)(x2 - 3y2)