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a, \(9x^2+6xy+y^2=\left(3x\right)^2+2\times3xy+y^2=\left(3x+y\right)^2\)
b, \(6x-9-x^2=-\left(x^2-2\times3x+3^2\right)=-\left(x-3\right)^2\)
c, \(x^2+4y^2+4xy=x^2+2\times2xy+\left(2y\right)^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
a)\(x^2-y^2-x+3y-2=\left(x^2+xy-2x\right)-\left(xy+y^2-2y\right)+\left(x+y-2\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+y-2\right)-y\left(x+y-2\right)+\left(x+y-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)
b)\(x^3+y^3+6xy+x+y-10\)
\(=\left(x^3+xy^2-x^2y+2x^2+2xy+5x\right)+\left(y^3+x^2y+xy^2+2y^2+2xy+5y\right)-\left(2x^2+2y^2-2xy+4x+4y+10\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^2+y^2-xy+2x+2y+5\right)+y\left(y^2+x^2-xy+2y+2x+5\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2-xy+2x+2y+5\right)\)\(=\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy+2x+2y+5\right)\)
a) \(x^2-xy+x-y\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
b) \(3x^2+6xy+3y^2-3z^2\)
\(=3\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-z^2\right)\)
\(=3\left[\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-z^2\right]\)
\(=3\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right]\)
\(=3\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y-z\right)\)
Dùng hằng đẳng thức là xong
a, \(\left(x+y\right)^3-x^3-y^3=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-x^3-y^3\)
\(=3x^2y+3xy^2=3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
b, \(x^2+6xy+9y^2=\left(x+3y\right)^2\)
\(a.=x^3+3x^2y+3x^2y+9xy^2+3xy^2+9y^3\)
\(=x^2\left(x+3y\right)+3xy\left(x+3y\right)+3y^2\left(x+3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3y\right)\left(x^2+3xy+3y^2\right).\)
\(b.=9x^3+3x^2y+9x^2y+3xy^2+3xy^2+y^3\)
\(=3x^2\left(3x+y\right)+3xy\left(3x+y\right)+y^2\left(3x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x^2+3xy+y^2\right)\left(3x+y\right)\).
\(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
\(3x^2+6xy+3y^2-3z^2=3\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-z^2\right)=3.\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right]=3.\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(3x^2-3xy-5x+5y=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
Bài giải:
a) x2 + 4x – y2 + 4 = (x2 + 4x + 4) - y2
= (x + 2)2 – y2 = (x + 2 – y)(x + 2 + y)
b) 3x2 + 6xy + 3y2 – 3z2 = 3[(x2 + 2xy + y2) – z2]
= 3[(x + y)2 – z2] = 3(x + y – z)(x + y + z)
c) x2 – 2xy + y2 – z2 + 2zt – t2 = (x2 – 2xy + y2) – (z2 – 2zt + t2)
= (x – y)2 – (z – t)2
= [(x – y) – (z – t)] . [(x – y) + (z – t)]
= (x – y – z + t)(x – y + z – t)
48. Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x2 + 4x – y2 + 4; b) 3x2 + 6xy + 3y2 – 3z2;
c) x2 – 2xy + y2 – z2 + 2zt – t2.
Bài giải:
a) x2 + 4x – y2 + 4 = (x2 + 4x + 4) - y2
= (x + 2)2 – y2 = (x + 2 – y)(x + 2 + y)
b) 3x2 + 6xy + 3y2 – 3z2 = 3[(x2 + 2xy + y2) – z2]
= 3[(x + y)2 – z2] = 3(x + y – z)(x + y + z)
c) x2 – 2xy + y2 – z2 + 2zt – t2 = (x2 – 2xy + y2) – (z2 – 2zt + t2)
= (x – y)2 – (z – t)2
= [(x – y) – (z – t)] . [(x – y) + (z – t)]
= (x – y – z + t)(x – y + z – t)
a , 3x2 + 3y2 - 6xy - 12
= 3 ( x2 + y2 - 2xy - 4 )
= 3 ( x - y )2 - 22
= 3 ( x - y + 2 ) ( x - y - 2 )
9 x 2 + 6xy + y 2 = 3 x 2 + 2.(3x)y + y 2 = 3 x + y 2