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a) \(4x^4+y^4\)
\(=\left(2x^2\right)^2+2.2x^2.y^2+\left(y^2\right)^2-2.2x^2.y^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2\right)^2-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\left(2x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\)
b) \(\left(x^2-3x-1\right)^2-12\left(x^2-3x-1\right)+27\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-1\right)^2-2\left(x^2-3x-1\right).6+36-9\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-1-6\right)^2-3^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-7\right)^2-3^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-7-3\right)\left(x^2-3x-7+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-10\right)\left(x^2-3x-4\right)\)
c) \(x^3-x^2-5x+125\)
\(=x^3+5x^2-6x^2-30x+25x+125\)
\(=x^2\left(x+5\right)-6x\left(x+5\right)+25\left(x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2-6x+25\right)\)
d) \(xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)+2xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xyz+zx\left(z+x\right)+xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z+x\right)+zx\left(z+x+y\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[xy+z\left(x+y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+zx+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
a) ta có : \(4x^4+y^4=4x^4+4x^2y^2+y^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2=\left(2x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\left(2x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\)
b) ta có : \(\left(x^3-3x-1\right)^2-12\left(x^2-3x-1\right)+27\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-1\right)^2-3\left(x^2-3x-1\right)-9\left(x^2-3x-1\right)+27\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-1\right)\left(x^2-3x-4\right)-9\left(x^2-3x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-10\right)\left(x^2-3x-4\right)\)
c) ta có : \(x^3-x^2-5x+125=x^2+5x^2-6x^2-30x+25x+125\)
\(=x^2\left(x+5\right)-6x\left(x+5\right)+25\left(x+5\right)=\left(x^2-6x+25\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
d) ta có : \(xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)+2xyz\)
\(=x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+xyz+yz^2+z^2x+zx^2+xyz\)
\(=y\left(x^2+xy+yz+xz\right)+z\left(yz+zx+x^2+xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+yz+xz\right)\)
a) xy(x + y) + yz(y + z) + xz(z + x) + 3xyz
= xy(X + y + z) + yz(x + y + z) + xz(X + y + z)
= (x + y +z)(xy + yz+ xz)
b) xy(x + y) - yz(y + z) - xz(z - x)
= x2y + xy2 - y2z - yz2 - xz2 + x2z
= x2(y + z) - yz(y + z) + x(y2 - z2)
= x2(y + z) - yz(y + z) + x(y + z)(y - z)
= (y + z)(x2 - yz + xy - xz)
= (y + z)[x(x + y) - z(x + y)]
= (y + z)(x + y)(x - z)
c) x(y2 - z2) + y(z2 - x2) + z(x2 - y2)
= x(y - z)(y + z) + yz2 - yx2 + x2z - y2z
= x(y - z)(y + z) - yz(y - z) - x2(y - z)
= (y - z)((xy + xz - yz - x2)
= (y - z)[x(y - x) - z(y - x)]
= (y - z)(x - z)(y -x)
b \(x^8y^8+x^4y^4+1=x^8y^8+2x^4y^4+1-x^4y^4=\left(x^4y^4\right)^2+2x^4y^4+1-\left(x^2y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^4y^4+1\right)^2-\left(x^2y^2\right)^2=\left(x^4y^4-x^2y^2+1\right)\left(x^4y^4+x^2y^2+1\right)\)
c \(x^2y+xy^2+xz^2+x^2z+y^2z+yz^2+2xyz=\left(x^2y+x^2z+xyz+xy^2\right)+\left(xz^2+yz^2+xyz+y^2z\right)\)
\(=x\left(xy+xz+yz+y^2\right)+z\left(xz+yz+xy+y^2\right)=\left(x+z\right)\left(xy+xz+yz+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+z\right)\left(x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(y+z\right)\right)=\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
a \(3xyz+x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+y\left(x^2+z^2\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2\right)=3xyz+xy^2+xz^2+x^2y+yz^2+x^2z+y^2z\)
\(=\left(x^2y+x^2z+xyz\right)+\left(xy^2+xyz+y^2z\right)+\left(xyz+xz^2+yz^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(xy+xz+yz\right)+y\left(xy+xz+yz\right)+z\left(xy+xz+yz\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+xz+yz\right)\)
\(yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z-x\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z-x\right)-xy\left[\left(y+z\right)-\left(z-x\right)\right]\)
\(=yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z-x\right)-xy\left(y+z\right)+xy\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y\left(y+z\right)\left(z-x\right)+x\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
\(=\left(z-x\right)\left(yz-xy+xz-xy\right)\)
\(2xyz+x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2\)
\(=x^2\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y^2+z^3\right)+2xyz\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)+x\left(y^2+z^2+2yz\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)+x\left(y+z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)+xy+xz\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)+y\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(b,x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-y\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2z-y^2x+z^2x-z^2y\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y^2-z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[x^2+yz-x\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(A=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+y^2+z^2=a\)
\(xy+yz+zx=b\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2b\)
\(\Rightarrow a+2b=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
Kết hợp (1) ta được : \(A=a\left(a+2b\right)+b^2\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)
a)\(4x^4+y^4=\left(4x^4+y^4+4x^2y^2\right)-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\left(2x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\)
b)\(\left(x^2-3x-1\right)^2-12\left(x^2-3x-1\right)+27\)
Đặt x^2 - 3x - 1 = A
\(\Rightarrow A^2-12A+27=\left(A^2-12A+36\right)-9\)
\(=\left(A-6\right)^2-9=\left(A-6-3\right)\left(A-6+3\right)\)
\(=\left(A-9\right)\left(A-3\right)\)
Hay \(=\left(x^2-3x-1-9\right)\left(x^2-3x-1-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x-10\right)\left(x^2-3x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
c)\(x^3-x^2-5x+125\)
\(=\left(x^3+5^3\right)-\left(x^2+5x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2-5x+25\right)-x\left(x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2-5x+25-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2-6x+25\right)\)
d)\(xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)+2xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
Mình có việc bận nên chỉ đưa được kết quả ý d) thật lòng mong các bạn tự tham khảo và giải