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2.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - schwarz ( hay còn gọi là bất đẳng thức Cosi ):
\(\frac{x^2}{y+1}+\frac{y^2}{z+1}+\frac{z^2}{x+1}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3}=\frac{9}{3+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
1:
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si:
\(x\left(y+\frac{x}{1+y}\right)+y\left(z+\frac{y}{1+z}\right)+z\left(x+\frac{z}{1+x}\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(y+\frac{x}{1+y}\right)+\left(z+\frac{y}{1+z}\right)+\left(x+\frac{z}{1+x}\right)\right]\)
\(=1\left[\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(\frac{x}{1+y}+\frac{y}{1+z}+\frac{z}{1+x}\right)\right]\)
\(=1\left[1+\left(\frac{x+y+z}{1+y+1+z+1+x}\right)\right]\)
\(=1\left[1+\left(\frac{1}{3+\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)\right]\)
\(=1\left[1+\frac{1}{4}\right]\)
\(=1+\frac{5}{4}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = \(\frac{1}{3}\)
(x+2).(x+3).(x+4).(x+5)−24
=(x2+7x+10).(x2+7x+12)−24
=(x2+7x+10).(x2+7x+10+2)−24
Đặt x2+7x+10=t, ta có
t.(t+2)−24
=t2+2t−24
=t2+2t+1−25
=(t−1)2−25
=(t−1−5)(t−1+5)
=(t−6)(t+4)
=(x2+7x+10−6)(x2+7x+10+4)
(x2+7x+4)(x2+7x+14)
P/s tham khảo nha
\(\left(x+2\right).\left(x+3\right).\left(x+4\right).\left(x+5\right)-24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+7x+10\right).\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+7x+10\right).\left(x^2+7x+10+2\right)-24\)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+10=t\), ta có
\(t.\left(t+2\right)-24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t-24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t+1-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)^2-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1-5\right)\left(t-1+5\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-6\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+7x+10-6\right)\left(x^2+7x+10+4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+7x+4\right)\left(x^2+7x+14\right)\)
P/s tham khảo nha
Bài 1 :
a) \(A=x^2-6x+11\)
\(A=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot3+3^2+2\)
\(A=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu "=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b) \(B=2x^2+10x-1\)
\(B=2\left(x^2+5x-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(B=2\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{5}{2}+\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{27}{4}\right]\)
\(B=2\left[\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{27}{4}\right]\)
\(B=2\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{27}{2}\ge\frac{-27}{2}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-5}{2}\)
c) \(C=5x-x^2\)
\(C=-\left(x^2-5x\right)\)
\(C=-\left[x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{5}{2}+\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\right]\)
\(C=-\left[\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{4}\right]\)
\(C=\frac{25}{4}-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{25}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}\)
Bài 2 :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=\left[x+\left(y+z\right)\right]^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2\left(y+z\right)+3x\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=3x^2\left(y+z\right)+3x\left(y+z\right)^2+y^3+3y^2z+3yz^2+z^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=3x^2\left(y+z\right)+3x\left(y+z\right)^2+3yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=3\left(y+z\right)\left[x^2+x\left(y+z\right)+yz\right]\)
\(=3\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+xy+xz+yz\right)\)
\(=3\left(y+z\right)\left[x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3-3x^2y-3xy^2+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)
Áp dụng \(\left(a+b\right)^3=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)+z\right]^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+xz+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
Đặt: x - y = a ; 3x + y - z = b ; -4x + z = c
Ta có: a + b + c = x - y + 3x + y - z - 4x + z = 0
Khi đó: \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(3x+y-z\right)^3+\left(-4x+z\right)^3\)
= \(a^3+b^3+c^3\)
= \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc+ac\right)+3abc\)
= \(0.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc+ac\right)+3abc\)
= \(3abc\)
= \(3\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+y-z\right)\left(-4x+z\right)\)
A=(x+y)\(^3\)+z\(^3\)+3(x+y)z(x+y+z)-x\(^3\)-y\(^3\)-z\(^3\)
=x\(^3\)+y\(^3\)+3xy(x+y)+3(x+y)z(x+y+z)-x\(^3\)-y\(^3\)
=3(x+y)(xy+zx+zy+z\(^2\))
=3(x+y)\([\)x(y+z)+z(y+z)\(]\)
=3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)
(bạn chỉ cần dùng hằng đẳng thức là ok ngay)