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2HgO -t--> 2Hg + O2
0,15-------------->0,75 (mol)
=> mO2 = 0,75 . 32 = 24 (g)
Bài 1:
\(PTHH:2HgO\underrightarrow{Phân.hủy}2Hg+O_2\\ á,Theo.PTHH:n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{HgO}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(b,n_{HgO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{43,4}{217}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Hg}=n_{HgO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Hg}=n.M=0,2.201=40,2\left(g\right)\)
\(c,n_{Hg}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,07}{201}=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{HgO}=n_{Hg}=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HgO}=n.M=0,07.217=15,19\left(g\right)\)
Câu 2:
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Zn}=n.M=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\\ b,Theo.PTHH:n_{HCl}=2.n_{Zn}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=n.M=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,6<------------------------------------0,3
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,6.158=94,8\left(g\right)\)
Câu 3:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2<-----------------------0,2
=> mZn = 0,2.65 = 13 (g)
Câu 4:
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,4------------------------->0,4
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,4<---0,4
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,4.80=32\left(g\right)\)
2KMnO4-to>K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
0,3-----------------0,15-----0,15------0,15 mol
n KMnO4=\(\dfrac{47,4}{158}\)=0,3 mol
=>mcr=0,15.197.0,15.87=42,6g
=>VO2=0,15.22,4=3,36l
b) 4P+5O2-to>2P2O5
0,1--------------0,05
nP=\(\dfrac{3,1}{31}\)=0,1 mol
->O2 dư
=>m P2O5=0,05.142=7,1g
mKMnO4 = 47,4/158 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 -> (t°) K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
Mol: 0,3 ---> 0,15 ---> 0,15 ---> 0,15
m = 0,15 . 197 + 0,15 . 87 = 85,2 (g)
V = VO2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 (l)
nP = 3,1/31 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 -> (t°) 2P2O5
LTL: 0,1/4 < 0,15/5 => O2 dư
nP2O5 = 0,1/2 = 0,05 (mol)
mP2O5 = 0,05 . 142 = 7,1 (g)
= 
a.\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{m_{KClO_3}}{M_{KClO_3}}=\dfrac{12,25}{122,5}=0,1mol\)
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\)
2 2 3 ( mol )
0,1 0,15
\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
b.\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=3,36.5=16,8l\)
c.\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
3 2 1 ( mol )
0,5 > 0,15 ( mol )
0,225 0,15 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe\left(du\right)}=n_{Fe\left(du\right)}.M_{Fe}=\left(0,5-0,225\right).56=15,4g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{25,2}{56}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,45=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=122,5.0,2=24,5\left(g\right)\)
nHgO=2,17/217=0,01(mol)
nO2=0,112/22,4=0,005(mol)
PTHH: 2 Hg + O2 -to-> 2 HgO
Ta có: 0,01/2 = 0,005
=>P.ứ xảy ra hết.
=> nHg=nHgO=0,01(mol)
=>mHg=0,01.201=2,01(g)
\(n_{HgO}=\dfrac{2,17}{217}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,112}{22,4}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(2HgO\rightarrow2Hg+O_2\)
0,01 0,0025 0,005 (mol)
\(m_{Hg}=0,0025.201=0,5025\left(g\right)\)