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a) (x-a)^4-(x+a)^4
=[(x-a)^2]^2-[(x+a)^2]^2
=[(x-a)^2-(x+a)^2][(x-a)^2+(x+a)^2]
=[(x-a-x-a)(x-a+x+a)][(x-a)^2+(x+a)^2]
=(-2a.2x)(x^2-2xa+a^2+x^2+2xa+a^2)
=(-2a.2x)(2x^2+2a^2)
=-4ax(2x^2+2a^2)
=-4ax.2(x^2+a^2)
b) (1 + 2x)(1- 2x) - x(x+2)(x-2)
= (1- 4x2) - x(x2 - 4)
= 1 - 4x2- x3- 4x
= (1 - x3) + (4x - 4x2)
= (1- x) (1 + x + x2) + 4x(1 -x)
= (1-x)(1+5x + x2)
\(A=\left(6x-3y\right)+\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(2x-y\right)+\left(2x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3+2x-y\right)\left(2x-y\right)\)
\(B=9x^2-\left(y^2-4y+4\right)\)
\(=9x^2-\left(y-2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+y-2\right)\left(3x-y+2\right)\)
A = ( 6x - 3y ) + (4x2 - 4xy + y2 )
A = 3.( 2x - y) + [ ( 2x )2 - 2.2.x.y + y2 ]
A = 3.( 2x - y ) + ( 2x - y )2
A = ( 2x - y ).(3 + 2x - y )
B = 9x2 - ( y2 - 4y + 4 )
B = ( 3x )2 - ( y - 2 )2
B = ( 3x - y + 2 ).( 3x + y - 2 )
C = - 25x2 + y2 - 6y + 9
C = ( y2 - 2.3.y + 32 ) - ( 5x )2
C = ( y - 3 )2 - ( 5x )2
C = (y - 3 - 5x ).( y - 3 +5x )
D = x2 - 4x - y2 -- 8y - 12
D = ( x2 - 4x + 4 ) - 4 - y2 - 8y -12
D = ( x - 2.2x + 22 ) - ( y2 + 2.4.y + 42 )
D = ( x - 2 )2 - ( y + 4 )2
D = ( x - 2 + y + 4 ).( x - 2 - y - 4 )
D = ( x + y + 2 ).( x - y - 6 )
\(\left(x-y+4\right)^2-\left(2x+3y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+4+2x+3y-1\right)\left(x-y+4-2x-3y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x+2y+3\right)\left(-x-4y+5\right)\)
\(49\left(y-4\right)^2-9y^2-36y-36\)
\(=49\left(y-4\right)^2-\left(9y^2+36y+36\right)\)
\(=49\left(y-4\right)^2-\left(3y+6\right)^2\)
\(=[7\left(y-4\right)]^2-\left(3y+6\right)^2\)
\(=\left(7y-28\right)^2-\left(3y+6\right)^2\)
\(=\left(7y-28+3y+6\right)\left(7y-28-3y-6\right)\)
\(=\left(10y-22\right)\left(4y-34\right)\)
\(2x^2y^3-\frac{x}{4}-4y^6\)
đây là pt bậc 2 của y^3 , ta đặt y^3=z ta được
\(-\left(4z^2+\frac{2.2xz}{2}+\frac{x^2}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}\right)\)
\(-\left(2z+\frac{x}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}\right)\)
\(-\left\{\left(2x+\frac{x}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}\right)\right\}\)
\(-\left\{\left(2x+\frac{x}{2}+\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}}\right)\left(2x+\frac{x}{2}-\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}-\frac{x}{4}}\right)\right\}\)
a) 36 - 4a2 + 20ab - 25b2 = 36 - ( 4a2 - 20ab + 25b2 ) = 62 - ( 2a - 5b )2 = ( 6 - 2a + 5b )( 6 + 2a - 5b )
b) ( xy + 4 )2 - 4( x + y )2 = ( xy + 4 )2 - 22( x + y )2 = ( xy + 4 )2 - [ 2( x + y ) ]2
= ( xy + 4 )2 - ( 2x + 2y )2 = ( xy + 4 - 2x - 2y )( xy + 4 + 2x + 2y )
= [ x( y - 2 ) - 2( y - 2 ) ][ x( y + 2 ) + 2( y + 2 ) ]
= ( y - 2 )( x - 2 )( y + 2 )( x + 2 )
c) x2 + y2 - x2y2 + xy - x - y
= ( x2 - x2y2 ) + ( y2 - y ) + ( xy - x )
= x2( 1 - y2 ) + y( y - 1 ) + x( y - 1 )
= x2( 1 - y )( 1 + y ) - y( 1 - y ) - x( 1 - y )
= ( 1 - y )[ x2( 1 + y ) - y - x ) ]
= ( 1 - y )( x2 + x2y - y - x )
= ( 1 - y )[ ( x2 - x ) + ( x2y - y ) ]
= ( 1 - y )[ x( x - 1 ) + y( x2 - 1 ) ]
= ( 1 - y )[ x( x - 1 ) + y( x - 1 )( x + 1 ) ]
= ( 1 - y )( x - 1 )[ x + y( x + 1 ) ]
= ( 1 - y )( x - 1 )( x + xy + y )
d) 3x + 3y - x2 - 2xy - y2
= 3( x + y ) - ( x2 + 2xy + y2 )
= 3( x + y ) - ( x + y )2
= ( x + y )( 3 - x - y )
e) ( 2xy + 1 )2 - ( 2x + y )2
= ( 2xy + 1 - 2x - y )( 2xy + 1 + 2x + y )
= [ ( 2xy - 2x ) - ( y - 1 ) ][ ( 2xy + 2x ) + ( y + 1 ) ]
= [ 2x( y - 1 ) - ( y - 1 ) ][ 2x( y + 1 ) + ( y + 1 ) ]
= ( y - 1 )( 2x - 1 )( y + 1 )( 2x + 1 )
a) \(36-4a^2+20ab-25b^2\)
\(=36-\left(4a^2-20ab+25b^2\right)\)
\(=36-\left(2a-5b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(6-2a+5b\right)\left(6+2a-5b\right)\)
b) \(\left(xy+4\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(xy+4-2x-2y\right)\left(xy+4+2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left[x\left(y-2\right)-2\left(y-2\right)\right]\left[x\left(y+2\right)+2\left(y+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(y+2\right)\left(y-2\right)\)
c) \(x^2+y^2-x^2y^2+xy-x-y\)
\(=-\left(x^2y^2-x^2\right)+\left(y^2-y\right)+\left(xy-x\right)\)
\(=-x^2\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)+x\left(y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(y-1\right)\left(-x^2y-x^2+y+x\right)\)
\(=\left(1-y\right)\left[\left(x^2y-y\right)+\left(x^2-x\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(1-y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(xy+y+x\right)\)
a/ (x-a)^4 - (x+a)^4
=((x-a)^2)^2 - ((x+a)^2)^2
=(x^2 - 2xa + a^2)^2 - (x^2 +2xa+a^2)^2
=(x^2-2xa+a^2-x^2-2xa-a^2)(x^2-2xa+a^2+x^2+2xa+a^2)
=-4xa(2x^2+2a^2)
b/ x^4 –y^2(2x-y)^2
=(x^2)^2-(y(2x-y)^2
=(x^2)^2-(2xy-y^2)^2
=(x^2-2xy+y^2)(x^2+2xy+y^2)
=(x-y)^2 (x+y)^2
c/(xy+4)^2- 4(x+y)^2
=(xy+4)^2- (2x+2y)^2
=(xy+y-2x-2y)(xy+y+2x+2y)
=(xy-y+2x)(xy+3y+2x)
sử dụng tam giác Pascal