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4a) Sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có :
\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}\times\frac{y}{x}}=2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y > 0
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{1}{36}\left(11a+7b\right)^2+\frac{59\left(a-b\right)^2}{36}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{36}\left(7a+11b\right)+\frac{59\left(a-b\right)^2}{36}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{16}\left(3a+5b\right)^2+\frac{5\left(a-b\right)^2}{16}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{16}\left(5a+3b\right)^2+\frac{5\left(a-b\right)^2}{16}}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{6}\left(11a+7b\right)+\frac{1}{6}\left(7a+11b\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(3a+5b\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(5a+3b\right)\)
\(=5\left(a+b\right)=5.2016=10080\)
\(\sqrt{2x+1}-\sqrt{3x}=x-1\)
ĐK: \(x\ge0\)
\(\sqrt{2x+1}-\sqrt{3x}=3x-\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+1}-\sqrt{3x}=\left(\sqrt{3x}-\sqrt{2x+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{3x}+\sqrt{2x+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+1}-\sqrt{3x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{3x}+\sqrt{2x+1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+1}=\sqrt{3x}\Rightarrow x=1\left(tm\right)\)
Thay \(xy+yz+zx=5\) vào P, ta có:
\(P=\frac{3x+3y+2z}{\sqrt{6\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si, ta có:
\(\sqrt{6\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\frac{3\left(x+y\right)+2\left(x+z\right)}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{6\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}\le\frac{3\left(y+x\right)+2\left(y+z\right)}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\le\frac{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)}{2}\)
Cộng vế theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều, ta đươc:
\(\sqrt{6\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\le\frac{9}{2}x+\frac{9}{2}y+3z\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{3x+3y+2z}{\frac{9}{2}x+\frac{9}{2}y+3z}=\frac{3x+3y+2z}{\frac{3}{2}\left(3x+3y+2z\right)}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+y\right)=2\left(y+z\right)=2\left(z+x\right)\\z+y=z+x\\xy+yz+zx=5\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}}\)
\(5\le xy+yz+zx\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{15}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{8x^2+3y^2+14xy}}=\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{8x^2+2xy+3y^2+12xy}}\ge\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{9x^2+12xy+4y^2}}=\frac{x^2}{3x+2y}\)
\(A\ge sigma\frac{x^2}{3x+2y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{5}\ge\sqrt{\frac{3}{5}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{\frac{5}{3}}\)
b) Ta có \(A=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+z+x+x+y}\)(BĐT Schwarz)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^2}{y+z}=\frac{y^2}{z+x}=\frac{z^2}{x+y}\\x+y+z=2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)
a) Có \(P=1.\sqrt{2x+yz}+1.\sqrt{2y+xz}+1.\sqrt{2z+xy}\)
\(\le\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2x+yz+2y+xz+2z+xy\right)}\)(BĐT Bunyakovsky)
\(=\sqrt{3.\left[2\left(x+y+z\right)+xy+yz+zx\right]}\)
\(\le\sqrt{3\left[4+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\right]}=\sqrt{3\left(4+\frac{4}{3}\right)}=4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 2/3
Tu de bai suy ra 2y+2x=xy<=>...<=>y(2-x)= -2x<=>y=2x/(x-2)<=>y=(2x-4+4)/(x-2)<=>y=2+4/(x-2)
vi x la so nguyen Dưỡng nen x-2 la so nguyen duong va la ước cua 4 => x-2 =1 hoặc x-2= 4 => x=3 hoac x=6
Voi x=3 => y= 6
voi x=6=> y=3
vay cac cap so nguyen duong (x;y) can tim la (3;6); (6;3)
