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a) đặt y=x^2+x+1 khi đó phương trình trở thành y^2-y-12=0
y^2-y-12=0
y^2+3y-4y-12=0
y(y+3)-4(y+3)=0
từ đó tìm đc y=-3;y=4 rồi thay vào tìm x
b)(x^2+5x)-2(x^2+5x)=0
đặt y=x^2+5x rồi làm như câu a
c)đặt a=x^2+3x-4
b=2x^2-5x+3
thì 3x^2-2x-1=a+b khi đó phương trình trở thành:a^3+b^3=(a+b)^3 rồi dùng hằng đẳng thức để phá ngoặc.....
d) đặt y=x-7 rồi dùng hằng đẳng phá ngoặc và tìm y, rồi tìm x
e:
Tham khảo:
a: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+4x^2+4x+4-5x^2+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+10=0\)
hay x=-5
\(\left(8x^3-60x^2+150x-125\right)-\left(27x^3-108x^2+144x-64\right)+\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)=0\)
\(-18x^3+51x^2+9x-60=0\)
\(\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-4\right)=0\)
\(\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=\frac{5}{2}\\x=-1\\x=\frac{4}{3}\end{array}\right.\)
1) \(x^4-6x^3-x^2+54x-72=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)-4x^2\left(x-2\right)-9x\left(x-2\right)+36\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
Tự làm nốt...
2) \(x^4-5x^2+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-1\right)-4\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
Tự làm nốt...
\(x^4-2x^3-6x^2+8x+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)-6x\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-6x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x+2\right)-2x\left(x+2\right)-2\left(x+2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x-1+\sqrt{3}\right)=0\)
...
\(2x^4-13x^3+20x^2-3x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3\left(x-2\right)-9x^2\left(x-2\right)+2x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^3-9x^2+2x+1\right)=0\)
Bí
a) \(\left(2x-1\right)^2=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=7\\2x-1=-7\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=8\\2x=-6\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
\(a,x^4-16x^2+32x-16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-16\right)-16x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4+4\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-16x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+2x^2-12x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-2x^2+4x^2-8x-4x+8\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x-2\right)+4x\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2\left[\left(x+2\right)^2-8\right]=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(x+2\right)^2-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\\left(x+2\right)^2=8\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=\sqrt{8}\\x+2=-\sqrt{8}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{8}-2\\x=-\sqrt{8}-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2x^4-10x^2+17=2\left(x^4-5x^2+\frac{25}{4}\right)+\frac{9}{2}=2\left(x^2-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{2}>0\left(vl\right)\)
=> PT vô nghiệm
\(x^4-x^3+2x^2-x+1=x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)+x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)>0\forall x\)=> Pt vô nghiệm