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Với mọi n nguyên dương ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)=1\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\)
Với k nguyên dương thì
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}\Rightarrow\frac{2}{\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k}}>\frac{1}{\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}=\sqrt{k}-\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\)
\(=\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k-1}\)(*)
Đặt A = vế trái. Áp dụng (*) ta có:
\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}>\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{1}\)
\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}>\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\)
...
\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{79}+\sqrt{80}}>\sqrt{81}-\sqrt{79}\)
Cộng tất cả lại
\(2A=\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+....+\frac{2}{\sqrt{79}+\sqrt{80}}>\sqrt{81}-1=8\Rightarrow A>4\left(đpcm\right)\)
3.
Theo bất đẳng thức cô si ta có:
\(\sqrt{b-1}=\sqrt{1.\left(b-1\right)}\le\frac{1+b-1}{2}=\frac{b}{2}\Rightarrow a.\sqrt{b-1}\le\frac{a.b}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\Rightarrow b.\sqrt{a-1}\le\frac{a.b}{2}\Rightarrow a.\sqrt{b-1}+b.\sqrt{a-1}\le a.b\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=2\)
\(\left(\frac{x}{x-1}\right)^2+\left(\frac{x}{x+1}\right)^2=\frac{10}{9}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\frac{x^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{10}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2\left(x+1\right)^2+x^2\left(x-1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{10}{9}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\right]}{\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\right]^2}=\frac{10}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2\left(x+1-x+1\right)\left(x+1+x-1\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)^2}=\frac{10}{9}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2.2.2x}{x^4-2x^2+1}=\frac{10}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow36x^3=10x^4-20x^2+10\Leftrightarrow18x^3=5x^4-10x^2+5\Leftrightarrow5x^4-18x^3-10x^2\)+5=0
đến đây tự giải tiếp
ĐK:\(x\ne1;x\ne-1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\frac{x^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{10}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9x^2\left(x+1\right)^2+9x^2\left(x-1\right)^2-10\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2}{9\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2\left(x+1\right)^2+9x^2\left(x-1\right)^2-10\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^4+18x^3+9x^2+9x^4-18x^3+9x^2-10x^4+20x^2-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x^4+38x^2-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2=\frac{1}{4}\\x^2=5\left(l\right)\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x+4}{x+3}-\frac{2}{y-1}=10\\\frac{x+6}{x+3}+\frac{1}{y-1}=7\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x+4}{x+3}-\frac{2}{y-1}=10\\\frac{2x+12}{x+3}+\frac{2}{y-1}=14\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+4}{x+3}-\frac{2}{y-1}\right)+\left(\frac{2x+12}{x+3}+\frac{2}{y-1}\right)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x+3}+\frac{2x+12}{x+3}=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4+2x+12}{x+3}=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x+16}{x+3}=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+16=24x+62\)
\(\Leftrightarrow21x+46=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-46}{21}\)
Okey,giờ tìm y đơn giản rồi nhen :D
Theo định lí viet: \(x_1x_2=-10;x_1+x_2=-3\)
=> \(\frac{1}{x_1}+\frac{1}{x_2}=\frac{x_1+x_2}{x_1x_2}=\frac{-3}{-10}=\frac{3}{10}\)
\(\frac{x^2}{9}+\frac{16}{x^2}=\frac{10}{3}\left(\frac{x}{3}-\frac{4}{x}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{9}-\frac{10x}{9}+\frac{40}{3x}+\frac{16}{x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4-10x^3+120x+144}{9x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-10x^3+120x+144=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-6x^3-12x^2-4x^3+24x^2+48x-12x^2+72x+144=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-6x-12\right)-4x\left(x^2-6x-12\right)-12\left(x^2-6x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x-12\right)\left(x^2-6x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x-6x-12\right)\left(x^2-6x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x\left(x+2\right)-6\left(x+2\right)\right]\left(x^2-6x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-6x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x-6=0\\x+2=0\\x^2-6x-12=0\left(1\right)\end{array}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=6\\x=-2\end{array}\right.\)(tm)
\(\Delta_{\left(1\right)}=\left(-6\right)^2-\left(-4\left(1.12\right)\right)=84\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(x_{1,2}=\frac{6\pm\sqrt{84}}{2}\) (tm)
Vậy pt có nghiệm là \(x=-2;x=6\)và \(x=\frac{6\pm\sqrt{84}}{2}\)
\(x\ne\left\{-10;0\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow200\left(x+10\right)-200x=x\left(x+10\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+10x-2000=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=40\\x=-50\end{matrix}\right.\)