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1/
-x^3 -5x^2 + 4x +4
=> x1 =-5.5877............
x2=1.1895.............
x3=-0.6018............
1/ \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2=3\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x^2+1+2x^3+2x^2+2x=3x^4+3x^2+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-3x^4+2x^3+x^2+2x^2-3x^2+2x+1-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^4+2x^3+2x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(x^4-x^3-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x^2+x+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\left(tm\right)\\\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{1\right\}\)
2/ Theo tớ chỗ này cậu viết sau đề rồi :D Sửa nhé :
\(x^5=x^4+x^3+x^2+x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5-x^4-x^3-x^2-x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5-2x^4+x^4-2x^3+x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4\left(x-2\right)+x^3\left(x-2\right)+x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0\end{cases}}}\)
Với \(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0\) (1)
Nhân cả 2 vế với \(x-1\)ta được :
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1-\left(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Thay \(x=1\)vào (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)Vô lí
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1\ne0\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{2\right\}\)
1) \(x^4-6x^3-x^2+54x-72=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)-4x^2\left(x-2\right)-9x\left(x-2\right)+36\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
Tự làm nốt...
2) \(x^4-5x^2+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-1\right)-4\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
Tự làm nốt...
\(x^4-2x^3-6x^2+8x+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)-6x\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-6x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x+2\right)-2x\left(x+2\right)-2\left(x+2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x-1+\sqrt{3}\right)=0\)
...
\(2x^4-13x^3+20x^2-3x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3\left(x-2\right)-9x^2\left(x-2\right)+2x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^3-9x^2+2x+1\right)=0\)
Bí
a/ \(x^4+x^2+6x-8=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-16\right)+\left(x^2-x\right)+\left(2x-2\right)+\left(5x+10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)+x\left(x-1\right)+2\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left[\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)+x-1+5\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left[x^3-2x^2+5x-4\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left[\left(x^3-x^2\right)+\left(4x-4\right)+\left(x-x^2\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left[x^2\left(x-1\right)+4\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+4-x\right)=0\)
Vậy x = -2; x =1
b/ đặt x2 + x + 1 = t có:
t (t + 1) = 12
<=> t2 + t - 12 = 0
<=> (t2 - 16) + (t + 4) = 0
<=> (t - 4) (t + 4) + (t + 4) = 0
<=> (t + 4) (t - 4 + 1) = 0
<=> (t + 4) (t - 3) = 0
=> t = -4; t = 3
thay t = x2 + x + 1 đc:
x2 + x + 1 = -4 ; x2 + x + 1 = 3
<=> x2 + x + 5 = 0 <=> x2 + x - 2 = 0
<=> x (loại) <=> (x2 - 1) + (x - 1) = 0
<=> (x - 1) (x + 2) = 0
<=> x = 1; x = -2
c/ đặt x2 + x - 2 = a có:
a (a - 1) = 12
<=> a2 - a - 12 = 0
<=> (a2 - 16) - (a - 4) = 0
làm tương tự câu b
..........
a và b giải ra hằng đẳng thức rồi bấm máy còn câu c chưa nghĩ ra
(x2+x+1)2=3(x4+x2+1)
<=>x4+x2+1+2x3+2x2+2x=3x4+3x2+3
<=>x4+2x3+3x2+2x+1=3x4+3x2+3
<=>2x4-2x3-2x+2=0
<=>2x3.(x-1)-2.(x-1)=0
<=>2.(x-1)(x3-1)=0
<=>2.(x-1)(x-1)(x2+x+1)=0
<=>2.(x-1)2.(x2+x+1)=0
<=>x-1=0 ( vì x2+x+1=(x+1/2)2+3/4 >0))
<=>x=1
<=> x4+x2+1+2x3+2x2+2x=3x4+3x23
<=> 2x3+2x=2x4+2
<=> -2x4+2x3+2x-2=0
<=> -2x3(x-1) +2(x-1)=0
<=> (-2)(x-1)(x3-1)=0
<=> (-2)(x-1)2(x2+2x+1)
<=> (-2)(x-1)2((x+1/2)2+3/4)
<=> x-1=0
<=> x=0