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c. ĐKXĐ: ...
\(x^2+y^2+2xy-2xy+\dfrac{2xy}{x+y}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-1-2xy\left(1-\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)-\dfrac{2xy\left(x+y-1\right)}{x+y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1-\dfrac{2xy}{x+y}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\x^2+y^2+x+y=0\left(vô-nghiệm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thế \(y=1-x\) xuống pt dưới:
\(\sqrt{x+1-x}=x^2-\left(1-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\Rightarrow y=0\\x=-2\Rightarrow y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
d.
ĐKXĐ: \(x>-2;y>1;x+y>0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y}{x+2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y}{y-1}}=2\\2\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y}{x+2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y}{y-1}}=2\\\left(\dfrac{x+2}{x+y}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{y-1}{x+y}\right)^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y}{x+2}}=a>0\\\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y}{y-1}}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\\dfrac{1}{a^4}+\dfrac{1}{b^4}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^4}+\dfrac{1}{b^4}\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^4\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\right)^4=\dfrac{1}{8}.\left(\dfrac{4}{2}\right)^4=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+y}{x+2}=1\\\dfrac{x+y}{y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=5\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=5\\\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{8}{y}=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{11}{y}=11\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\\dfrac{1}{x}=-3+\dfrac{4}{y}=-3+4=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{12}{x-3}-\dfrac{5}{y+2}=63\\\dfrac{8}{x-3}+\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{36}{x-3}-\dfrac{15}{y+2}=189\\\dfrac{8}{x-3}+\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{44}{x-3}=176\\\dfrac{8}{x-3}+\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13-\dfrac{8}{x-3}=-13-32=-45\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{13}{4}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}-2=-\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+2xy+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=20\\\left(x-y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{1}{x-y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=20\\\left(x-y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{1}{x-y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(a=x+y;b=x-y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a^2+b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}=20\\a+b+\dfrac{1}{b}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a^2+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2=22\\b+\dfrac{1}{b}=5-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+\left(a-5\right)^2=22\)
\(\)Đến đây thì dễ rồi tự làm nhé
1. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\x^2+y^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}=9\end{matrix}\right.\) ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\y>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2y+xy^2+x+y=5xy\\x^4y^2+x^2y^4+x^2+y^2=9x^2y^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^4y^2+x^2y^4+x^2+y^2=25x^2y^2\\x^4y^2+x^2y^4+x^2+y^2=9x^2y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow0=16x^2y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) phương trình vô nghiệm
ĐK : \(y\ne0\) Chia cả hai vế của phương trình thứ hai cho y3
\(\Rightarrow x^3+\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\dfrac{x}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)=4\)
HPT\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+x+\dfrac{1}{y}=4\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=4\\ab=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đến đây tự làm nha
a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=1\\x+2y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\cdot\left(3-2y\right)-3y=1\\x=3-2y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-7y=1\\x=3-2y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{5}{7}\\x=3-2\cdot\dfrac{5}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{5}{7}\\x=\dfrac{11}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)b) Biểu diễn lại một biến theo một biến như pt trên rồi giải, ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+4y=5\\4x-2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{9}{10}\\y=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Cách làm tương tự như pt a ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=\dfrac{2}{3}\\\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{3}{4}y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{9}{8}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) Tương tự ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0,3x-0,2y=0,5\\0,5x+0,4y=1,2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=2(1)\\ y+\frac{1}{z}=2(2)\\ z+\frac{1}{x}=2(3)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lấy \((1)-(2); (2)-(3); (3)-(1)\) ta thu được:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-y+\frac{z-y}{yz}=0\\ y-z+\frac{x-z}{xz}=0\\ z-x+\frac{y-x}{xy}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-y=\frac{y-z}{yz}\\ y-z=\frac{z-x}{xz}\\ z-x=\frac{x-y}{xy}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow (x-y)(y-z)(z-x)=\frac{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}{(xyz)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(1-\frac{1}{xyz})(1+\frac{1}{xyz})=0\)
TH1: \(x-y=0\Leftrightarrow x=y\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\rightarrow y=1\)
Thay vào PT\((2)\Rightarrow 1+\frac{1}{z}=2\rightarrow z=1\)
Ta thu được \((x,y,z)=(1,1,1)\)
TH2: \(y-z=0; z-x=0\) hoàn toàn giống TH1 ta cũng có \((x,y,z)=(1,1,1)\)
TH3: \(1-\frac{1}{xyz}=1\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
Thay vào PT(1) và (2)
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=2\\ y+xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} xy+1=2y\\ xy=2-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow 2-y+1=2y\Leftrightarrow y=1\Rightarrow x=z=1\)
TH4: \(1+\frac{1}{xyz}=0\Leftrightarrow xyz=-1\)
Thay vào PT (1) và (2):
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{y}=2\\ y-xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} xy+1=2y\\ xy=y-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow y-2+1=2y\Leftrightarrow y=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{-1}=2\Rightarrow x=3; -1+\frac{1}{z}=2\Rightarrow z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Thử vào PT(3) thấy không đúng (loại)
Vậy \((x,y,z)=(1,1,1)\)