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2) a) \(\frac{x^2-5x+1}{2x+1}+2=-\frac{x^2-4x+1}{x+1}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne-\frac{1}{2};-1\))
+) x = \(-\frac{2}{3}\), thay vào đề không TM
+ x\(\ne-\frac{2}{3}\)
Từ đề \(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2-5x+1+4x+2}{2x+1}=\frac{-x^2+4x-1}{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-x+3}{2x+1}=\frac{-x^2+4x-1}{x+1}=\frac{\left(x^2-x+3\right)+\left(-x^2+4x-1\right)}{\left(2x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)}\) \(=\frac{3x+2}{3x+2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x+3=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}x-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\\x-\frac{3}{2}=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
a)
\(\dfrac{x^2+x-6}{x^3-4x^2-18x+9}=\dfrac{x^2+3x-2x-6}{x^3+3x^2-7x^2-21x+3x+9}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x+3\right)}{x^2\left(x+3\right)-7x\left(x+3\right)+3\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x^2-7x+3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x-2}{x^2-7x+3}\)
Bài 1:
\(A=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+2y^3\)
\(A=x^3-y^3+2y^3\)
\(A=x^3+y^3\)
Thay \(x=\dfrac{2}{3},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\) vào A, ta có:
\(A=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3=\dfrac{8}{27}+\dfrac{1}{27}=\dfrac{9}{27}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Bải 3a
\(\dfrac{-a+b+c}{2a}+\dfrac{-b+c+a}{2b}+\dfrac{-c+a+b}{2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-a}{2a}+\dfrac{b+c}{2a}+\dfrac{-b}{2b}+\dfrac{c+a}{2b}+\dfrac{-c}{2c}+\dfrac{a+b}{2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{2a}+\dfrac{c+a}{2b}+\dfrac{a+b}{2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b+c}{2a}+\dfrac{c+a}{2b}+\dfrac{a+b}{2c}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge6\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ba}}=2\\\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{cb}}=2\\\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ac}}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\ge2+2+2=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-a+b+c}{2a}+\dfrac{-b+c+a}{2b}+\dfrac{-c+a+b}{2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Bài 3b)
\(P=\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)( 1 )
Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\dfrac{x-17}{33}+\dfrac{x-21}{29}+\dfrac{x}{25}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-17}{33}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-21}{29}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x}{25}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-50}{33}+\dfrac{x-50}{29}+\dfrac{x-50}{25}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-50\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{33}+\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)=0\)
Mà \(\dfrac{1}{33}+\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{25}\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-50=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=50\)
Vậy x = 50
Bài 1:
a. \(8^5+2^{11}=\left(2^3\right)^5+2^{11}=2^{15}+2^{11}=2^{11}\left(2^4+1\right)=2^{11}.17\) Suy ra chia hết cho 17
Bài 2:
a) \(\dfrac{x^2+x-6}{x^3-4x^2-18x+9}=\dfrac{x^2+3x-2x-6}{x^3+3x^2-7x^2-21x+3x+9}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3x\right)-\left(2x+6\right)}{\left(x^3+3x^2\right)-\left(7x^2+21x\right)+\left(3x+9\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x+3\right)}{x^2\left(x+3\right)-7x\left(x+3\right)+3\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2}{x^2-7x+3}\)