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ĐKXĐ: x2 - 3x + 3 \(\ge\) 0
Đặt t = \(\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}\) (t \(\ge\) 0)
=> t2 = x2 - 3x + 3 <=> x2 - 3x = t2 - 3
Khi đó ta có pt: 2(t2 - 3) + t + 3 = 0
<=> 2t2 - 6 + t + 3 = 0
<=> 2t2 + t - 3 = 0
<=> (t - 1)(2t + 3) = 0 <=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}t=1\left(tm\right)\\t=-\frac{3}{2}\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Với t = 1 ta có: x2 - 3x = 12 - 3
<=> x2 - 3x+ 2 = 0
<=> (x - 1)(x - 2) = 0 <=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}\left(tmđk\right)}\)
Vậy S = \(\left\{1;2\right\}\)
Đặt: \(\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}=t\ge0\)
=> \(2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-3x\right)=2\left(t^2-3\right)\)
Ta có phương trình ẩn t : \(2\left(t^2-3\right)+t+3=0\)
<=> \(2t^2+t-3=0\)<=> t = 1 ( tm ) hoặc t = -3/2 ( loại)
Với t = 1 ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}=1\)
<=> \(x^2-3x+2=0\)
<=> x = 1 hoặc x = 2
x4−3x3−2x2+6x+4=0x4−3x3−2x2+6x+4=0
⇔x4−2x3−2x2−x3+2x2+2x−2x2+4x+4=0⇔x4−2x3−2x2−x3+2x2+2x−2x2+4x+4=0
⇔x2(x2−2x−2)−x(x2−2x−2)−2(x2−2x−2)=0⇔x2(x2−2x−2)−x(x2−2x−2)−2(x2−2x−2)=0
⇔(x2−x−2)(x2−2x−2)=0⇔(x2−x−2)(x2−2x−2)=0
⇔(x+1)(x−2)(x−1−√3)(x−1+√3)=0⇔(x+1)(x−2)(x−1−3)(x−1+3)=0
⇔⎡⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢⎣x=−1x=2x=1+√3x=1−√3
tl
x4−3x3−2x2+6x+4=0x4−3x3−2x2+6x+4=0
⇔x4−2x3−2x2−x3+2x2+2x−2x2+4x+4=0⇔x4−2x3−2x2−x3+2x2+2x−2x2+4x+4=0
⇔x2(x2−2x−2)−x(x2−2x−2)−2(x2−2x−2)=0⇔x2(x2−2x−2)−x(x2−2x−2)−2(x2−2x−2)=0
⇔(x2−x−2)(x2−2x−2)=0⇔(x2−x−2)(x2−2x−2)=0
⇔(x+1)(x−2)(x−1−√3)(x−1+√3)=0⇔(x+1)(x−2)(x−1−3)(x−1+3)=0
⇔⎡⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢⎣x=−1x=2x=1+√3x=1−√3
^HT^
a) 2x2 – 7x + 3 = 0 có a = 2, b = -7, c = 3
∆ = (-7)2 – 4 . 2 . 3 = 49 – 24 = 25, \(\sqrt{\text{∆}}\) = 5
x1 = \(\dfrac{-\left(-7\right)-5}{2.2}\) = \(\dfrac{2}{4}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\), x2 =\(\dfrac{-\left(-7\right)+5}{2.2}=\dfrac{12}{4}=3\)
b) 6x2 + x + 5 = 0 có a = 6, b = 1, c = 5
∆ = 12 - 4 . 6 . 5 = -119: Phương trình vô nghiệm
c) 6x2 + x – 5 = 0 có a = 6, b = 5, c = -5
∆ = 12 - 4 . 6 . (-5) = 121, \(\sqrt{\text{∆}}\) = 11
x1 = \(\dfrac{-5-1}{2.3}\) = -1; x2 = \(\dfrac{-1+11}{2.6}\) =
d) 3x2 + 5x + 2 = 0 có a = 3, b = 5, c = 2
∆ = 52 – 4 . 3 . 2 = 25 - 24 = 1, \(\sqrt{\text{∆}}\) = 1
X1 = \(\dfrac{-5-1}{2.3}\) = -1, x2 = \(\dfrac{-5+1}{2.3}\) = \(\dfrac{-2}{3}\)
e) y2 – 8y + 16 = 0 có a = 1, b = -8, c = 16
∆ = (-8)2 – 4 . 1. 16 = 0
y1 = y2 = \(-\dfrac{-8}{2.1}\) = 4
f) 16z2 + 24z + 9 = 0 có a = 16, b = 24, c = 9
∆ = 242 – 4 . 16 . 9 = 0
z1 = z2 = \(\dfrac{-24}{2.16}\) = \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
a) \(3x^3-x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^3+3x^2-3x^2-3x+2x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2\left(x+1\right)-3x\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(3x^2-3x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\3x^2-3x^2+2=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét phương trình (1):
\(\Delta=9-24=-15< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Phương trình (1) vô nghiệm.
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-1\)
b) \(x^3-6x^2+10x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2-4x^2+8x^{ }+2x^{ }-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)-4x\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-4x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x^2-4x+2=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét phương trình (2):
\(\Delta'=4-2=2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Phương trình (2) có 2 nghiệm phân biệt:
\(x_1=2+\sqrt{2}\)
\(x_2=2-\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có ba nghiệm: \(x_1=2+\sqrt{2};x_2=2-\sqrt{2};x_3=2\)
c)\(3x^3+3x^2+3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-1\)
a. \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=0\\2x+5=0\\x+1=0\\2x-9=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\)
b. \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+x+3x^2+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+1\right)+3\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x^2+1=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c. \(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(3x-1\right)^2-\left(9x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6x^2-2x\right)\left(3x-1\right)-\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)\left(6x^2-5x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(6x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=0\\x-1=0\\6x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
d.
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+2x-3x^2+9x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-3x+2\right)-3\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
e.
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+2x^2+x+3x^2+6x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^6+6x^4-36x^3+6x^2+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3x+1\right)\left(x^4+3x^3+14x^2+3x+1\right)=0\)
Dễ thấy \(x^4+3x^3+14x^2+3x+1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\)