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1. The temperature of water increases. Many fish in the river die ( since)
=> Many fishes in the river have died since the temperature of water increased.
2. People use too much herbicide to treat weeds. Water in rivers and canals are extremely polluted and has bad effects on people's health( Because)
=> Water in rivers and canals are extremely polluted and has bad effects on people's health bacause people use too much herbicide to treat weeds.
5. The noise from the music club is loud. The residents of the street cannot sleep( because of)
=> The residents of the street can't sleep because of the loud noise from the music club.
7. It rained heavily. The road in front of my house was flooded( due to)
=> Due to the heavy rain , the road in front of my house was flooded.
8. Noise pollution is one of the major of stress and anxiety. People suffer from stress and anxiety( due to)
=> Due to noise pollution , people suffer form stress and anxiety.
9. Global warming happens. There is too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere( causes)
=> Global warming causes too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
10. Light pollurion occurs.We are unable to see the stars in the sky (makes)
=> Light pollution makes us can't see the stars in the sky.
12. The tsunami happened. Many people in this area became homeless( made)
=> the tsunami made many people in this area bacame homeless
1/ We are unable to see the stars in the sky. Light pollution occurs. (makes)
→ Light pollutions makes us unable to see the stars in the sky.
2/ Contamination in the air happens. There is acid rain which damages soil, vegetation and aquatic life of the region. (cause)
→ Contamination in the air causes the acid rain which damages soil, vegetarian and aquatic life of the region.
3/ Noise pollution is one of the major causes of stress and anxiety. People suffer from stress and anxiety. (because of)
→ People suffer from stress and anxiety because of noise pollution.
28.We are unable to see the stars in the sky.Light pollution occurs(makes)
-> Light pollution makes us unable to see the stars in the sky.
29.Glass panels,windows,lawns and roofs make light pollution worse.They reflect both artificial and sun light(because)
-> Glass panels,windows,lawns and roofs make light pollution worse because they reflect both artificial and sun light.
30.All sounds are not noise.Noise is any sound that is unwanted and goes beyond its certain limit,for example,above 80 decibels
-> All sounds are not noise because noise is any sound that is unwanted and goes beyond its certain limit,for example,above 80 decibels
31.More and more noise is created by modern evilization.It has now become a major environmental pollutant,especially in urban areas
-> More and more noise is created by modern evilization; therefore, it has now become a major environmental pollutant,especially in urban areas.
32.Contamination in the air happens.There is acid rain which damages soil,vegetation and auatic life of the region(causes)
-> Contamination in the air causes acid rain which damages soil,vegetation and auatic life of the region.
33.Noise pollution is one of the major causes of stress and anxicty.People suffer from stress and anxiety.(because of)
-> People suffer from stress and anxiety because of noise pollution.
28.We are unable to see the stars in the sky.Light pollution occurs(makes)
⇒ Light pollution makes us unable to see the stars in the sky.
29.Glass panels,windows,lawns and roofs make light pollution worse.They reflect both artificial and sun light(because)
⇒ Glass panels,windows,lawns and roofs make light pollution worse because they reflect both artificial and sun light.
30.All sounds are not noise.Noise is any sound that is unwanted and goes beyond its certain limit,for example,above 80 decibels
⇒ All sounds are not noise because noise is any sound that is unwanted and goes beyond its certain limit,for example,above 80 decibels
31.More and more noise is created by modern evilization.It has now become a major environmental pollutant,especially in urban areas
⇒ More and more noise is created by modern evilization; therefore, it has now become a major environmental pollutant,especially in urban areas.
32.Contamination in the air happens.There is acid rain which damages soil,vegetation and auatic life of the region(causes)
⇒ Contamination in the air causes acid rain which damages soil,vegetation and auatic life of the region.
33.Noise pollution is one of the major causes of stress and anxicty.People suffer from stress and anxiety.(because of)
⇒ People suffer from stress and anxiety because of noise pollution.
Give the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.
1.The _______contaminaion_______ of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater CONTAMINATE
water pollution.
2. The street doesn’t look_______attractive______ because it has a lot of rubbish.ATTRACT
3. The music club made so much noise that the_____residents_____ complained to REDIDE
its owner.
4. Are all types of pollution_____harmful_____ to the health of humans and animals? HARM
5. The______environmentalists_______ are concerned about the oil spills in East Sea. ENVIROMENT
6. Dumping ______industrial_____waste into the lakes and rivers has caused INDUSTRY
Serious water pollution.
7. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink ____untreated_____water. TREAT
8.Examples of primary________pollutants________are exhaust fumes from cars, POLLUTE
soot from smoke and ash from volcanic eruption.
9. If we use water______carefully______ , more people will have fresh water. CARE
10. The polluted water results in the ____death_____of many aquatic animals DIE
And plants.
III. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows a cause/effect relationship. Use the words in brackets.
1.Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because)
-> Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are poisoned.
2. The environment is polluted. Birds leave their habitats and plants die. (make)
-> The pollution of the environment makes birds leave their habitats and plants die.
3. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. (so).
-> Plastic bags are a major source of waste so we should not throw plastic bags everywhere.
4. The food is contaminated. People’s health is poor. (results in)
-> The contamination of the food results in people's poor health.
5. Factories release fumes. The air breathe gets polluted. (due to)
-> The air breathe gets polluted due to the release of fumes from factories.
IV. Combine each pair of sentences to form a conditional sentence, using “if” Type 2.
1.The factory is located near our village. There is air pollution and noise pollution.
-> If the factory weren't located near our village, there wouldn't be air pollution and noise pollution.
2. The local people have to use water from the polluted river. They don’t have fresh water.
-> If the local people had fresh water, they wouldn't have to use water from the polluted river.
3. Trees and grasses cannot grow here. The soil is badly polluted.
-> If the soil weren't badly polluted, trees and grass could grow here.
4. Mr Quang works in a noisy environment. His hearing becomes worse.
-> If Mr Quang didn't work in a noisy environment, his hearing wouldn't become worse.
Give the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.
1.The _______contaminaion_______ of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater CONTAMINATE
water pollution.
2. The street doesn’t look_______attractive______ because it has a lot of rubbish.ATTRACT
3. The music club made so much noise that the_____residents_____ complained to REDIDE
its owner.
4. Are all types of pollution_____harmful_____ to the health of humans and animals? HARM
5. The______environmentalists_______ are concerned about the oil spills in East Sea. ENVIROMENT
6. Dumping ______industrial_____waste into the lakes and rivers has caused INDUSTRY
Serious water pollution.
7. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink ____untreated_____water. TREAT
8.Examples of primary________pollutants________are exhaust fumes from cars, POLLUTE
soot from smoke and ash from volcanic eruption.
9. If we use water______carefully______ , more people will have fresh water. CARE
10. The polluted water results in the ____death_____of many aquatic animals DIE
And plants.
III. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows a cause/effect relationship. Use the words in brackets.
1.Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because)
-> Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are poisoned.
2. The environment is polluted. Birds leave their habitats and plants die. (make)
-> The pollution of the environment makes birds leave their habitats and plants die.
3. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. (so).
-> Plastic bags are a major source of waste so we should not throw plastic bags everywhere.
4. The food is contaminated. People’s health is poor. (results in)
-> The contamination of the food results in people's poor health.
5. Factories release fumes. The air breathe gets polluted. (due to)
-> The air breathe gets polluted due to the release of fumes from factories.
IV. Combine each pair of sentences to form a conditional sentence, using “if” Type 2.
1.The factory is located near our village. There is air pollution and noise pollution.
-> If the factory weren't located near our village, there wouldn't be air pollution and noise pollution.
2. The local people have to use water from the polluted river. They don’t have fresh water.
-> If the local people had fresh water, they wouldn't have to use water from the polluted river.
3. Trees and grasses cannot grow here. The soil is badly polluted.
-> If the soil weren't badly polluted, trees and grass could grow here.
4. Mr Quang works in a noisy environment. His hearing becomes worse.
-> If Mr Quang didn't work in a noisy environment, his hearing wouldn't become worse.
Read and put the headings into the correct paragraphs.
(There is one extra)
1. Effect on health of humans
2. Effect on growth of plants
3. Decreased soil fertility
4. Toxic dust
5. Changes in temperature
6. Changes in soil structure
Effects of Soil Pollution
1. : Considering how soil is the reason we are
able to sustain ourselves, the contamination of it has major consequences on our
health. Crops and plants grown on polluted soil absorb much of the pollution and
then pass these on to us. This could explain the sudden surge in small and terminal
illnesses.
Effect on health of humans
2. : The ecological balance of any system gets
affected due to the widespread contamination of the soil. Most plants are unable to
adapt when the chemistry of the soil changes so radically in a short period of time.
Fungi and bacteria found in the soil that bind it together begin to decline, which
creates an additional problem of soil erosion.
Effect on growth of plants
3. : The toxic chemicals present in the soil can
decrease soil fertility and therefore decrease in the soil yield. The contaminated soil
is then used to produce fruits and vegetables which lacks quality nutrients and may
contain some poisonous substance to cause serious health problems in people
consuming them.
Decreased soil fertility
4. : The emission of toxic and foul gases from
landfills pollutes the environment and causes serious effects on health of some
people. The unpleasant smell causes inconvenience to other people.
Toxic Dust
5. : The death of many soil organisms (e.g.
earthworms) in the soil can lead to alteration in soil structure. Apart from that, it
could also force other predators to move to other places in search of food.
Changes in soil structure
1. The DEAD fish are floating in the water. DIE
2. Aquatic plants may die because of the POLLUTED water. POLLUTE
3. POISON is the substance that can kill you if you drink or eat it. POISONOUS
4. NATURAL habitats have been destroyed in recent years. NATURE
5. The water is POISONOUS, so the fish are dead. POISON
6. The acid rain caused the DAMAGE to the trees in this area. DAMAGE
7. The river is CONTAMINATED, so we can’t drink water from it. CONTAMINATE
8. A number of cleaning products contain HARMFUL chemicals. HARM
9. Fumes from the cars and trucks are serious air POLLUTANTS . POLLUTION
10. The CONTAMINATION of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater causes water pollution.
CONTAMINANT
11. Are all types of pollution HARMFUL to the death of humans and animals? HARM
12. The ENVIRONMENTALISTS are concerned about the oil spills in East Sea. ENVIRONMENT
13. Dumping INDUSTRIAL waste into the lakes and rivers has caused serious water pollution.
INDUSTRY
14. Manypeople in this area have cholera because they drink UNTREATED water. TREAT
15. If we use water CAREFULLY , more people will have fresh water. CARE
16. The polluted water results in the DEATH of many aquatic animals. DIE
17. Do storm water and the atmosphere bring non-point source POLLUTION ? POLLUT18. Don’t use poisonous chemicals. They are HARMFUL to our health. HARM
19. Water pollution causes the DEATH of a lot of fish. DEAD
20. Light POLLUTION makes us unable to see the stars in the sky. POLLUTANT
21. The serious CONTAMINATION has left the river with very few fish. CONTAMINATED
22. Water pollution makes a lot of fish DIE . DEATH
23. The acid rain has caused the great DAMAGE to the environment. DAMAGED
24. An ILLUSTRATION of agrochemicals is pesticides. ILLUSTRATE
25. Noise is considered as ENVIRONMENTAL pollution. ENVIRONMENT
III. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.
1. The fish have died because the river water is heavily polluted.
2. Health effects from air pollution include lung cancer, and respiratory diseases.
3. Acid rain causes serious damage to plants and trees.
4. If the air wasn’t dirty, Nick wouldn't sneeze so much.
5. The main gases that lead to acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.
6. There is a danger of serious contamination from radioactive waste.
7. Hundreds of dead fish were found floating in the river near the factory.
8. Untreated sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.