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\(C_2H_6+Br_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}C_2H_5Br+HBr\)
\(2C_2H_5Br+2Na\underrightarrow{^{t^o,ether}}C_4H_{10}+2NaBr\)
\(C_4H_{10}+Br_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}CH_3-CHBr-CH_2-CH_3+HBr\)
\(C_3-CHBr-CH_2-CH_3\)
\(NaOH\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}CH_3-CHOH-CH_2-CH_3+NaBr\)
A: ethyl bromide
B: butane
C: 2-bromobutane
a)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + Cl2 --to--> 2NaCl
_____0,2--->0,1------->0,2
=> VCl2 = 0,1.24,79 = 2,479(l)
b)
\(C\%\left(NaCl\right)=\dfrac{0,2.58,5}{250}.100\%=4,68\%\)
Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 +H2
x x
2Al + 6HCl= 2AlCl3 + 3H2
y y
2Cu + O2 = 2CuO
z z = 8/80 = 0,1 mol
3NaOH + AlCl3 = Al(OH)3 + 3NaCL
y y
Al(OH)3 + NaOH = NaALO2 + 2H2O
y y
2NaOH + MgCl2 = Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
x x
Mg(OH)2 = MgO + H2O
x x = 4/40 = 0,1 mol
=>mCu= 0,1*64=6,4
mMg=0,1*24=2,4
mAl=10-6,4-2,4=1,2
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{22,12}{158}=0,14(mol)\\ PTHH:2KMnO_4\xrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{KMnO_4}-m_{\text{hh rắn}}=22,12-21,16=0,96(g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,96}{32}=0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4(dư)}=0,1-0,03.2=0,04(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{K_2MnO_4}=n_{MnO_2}=n_{O_2}=0,03(mol)\)
\(PTHH:\\ 2KMnO_4+16HCl\to 2KCl+MnCl_2+5Cl_2\uparrow+8H_2O\\ K_2MnO_4+8HCl\to 2KCl+MnCl_2+2Cl_2\uparrow+4H_2O\\ MnO_2+4HCl\to MnCl+Cl_2\uparrow+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{5}{2}.0,04+2.0,03+0,03=0,29(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{Cl_2}=0,29.22,4=6,496(l)\)
\(CH_3-CHOH-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3\underrightarrow{^{H2SO4,170^oC}}CH_3-CH=C\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3\)
\(CH_3-CH=C\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3+O_3\rightarrow CH_3-CHOOOC\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3\)
\(CH_3-COOOC\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3+H_2O\underrightarrow{^{Zn}}CH_3CHO+CH_3COCH_3\)
\(CH_3CHO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{Ni,t^o}}CH_3CH_2OH\)
\(CH_3COCH_3+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o,Ni}}CH_3CHOHCH_3\)
A: 2-methylbut-2-ene
B: acetaldehyde
C: acetone