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Gọi số mol C 2 H 2 và C 2 H 4 trong hỗn hợp là x, y.
Ta có x + y = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 mol
2 C 2 H 2 + 5 O 2 → 4C O 2 + 2 H 2 O
C 2 H 4 + 3 O 2 → 2C O 2 + 2 H 2 O
Theo phương trình hoá học của phản ứng cháy, ta có :
n CO 2 = 2x + 2y => m CO 2 = 44(2x + 2y)
n H 2 O = x + 2y → m H 2 O = 18 (x + 2y)
Theo đề bài, khối lượng bình Ca OH 2 tăng lên chính là khối lượng của C O 2 và H 2 O . Vậy :
m CO 2 + m H 2 O = 44(2x + y) + 18 (x + 2y) = 33,6g
Ta có các phương trình : x + y = 0,3
106x + 124y = 33,6
Giải ra ta được : x = 0,2 ; y = 0,1.
% V C 2 H 2 = 0,2x22,4/6,72 x 100% = 66,67%
% V C 2 H 4 = 33,33%
n CO 2 = 2(x+y) = 0,6 mol = n CaCO 3
m CaCO 3 = 0,6 x 100 = 60g
PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_4}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}-0,075=0,15\) (1)
PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
Theo PTHH: \(28a+26b=4,1\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{C_2H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{C_2H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx44,44\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=22,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CH_4:x\left(mol\right)\\C_2H_4:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ x + y = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4\)(1)
\(m_{CO_2} + m_{H_2O} = m_{bình\ tăng} = 45,2(gam)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố với C:\(n_{CO_2} = x + 2y(mol)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố với H:\(n_{H_2O} = 2x + 2y (mol)\)
Suy ra :(x + 2y).44 + (2x+2y).18 = 45,2(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: x = 0,1 ; y = 0,3
Vậy :
\(\%V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4}.100\% = 25\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4} = 100\% - 25\% = 75\%\\ CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\\ n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,1 + 0,3.2 = 0,7(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m = 0,7.100 = 70(gam)\)
\(a,n_{hhkhí\left(C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\a+2b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=33,33\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-33,335=66,67\%\)
\(b,PTHH:\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,1\rightarrow0,3\rightarrow0,2\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\rightarrow0,25\rightarrow0,4\\ n_{CO_2}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ Mol:0,6\rightarrow0,6\rightarrow0,6\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,6.100=60\left(g\right)\)
a)
$C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2$
$CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O$
$CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$
b) Theo PTHH :
$n_{C_2H_4} = n_{Br_2} = \dfrac{8}{160} = 0,05(mol)$
$n_{CH_4} = n_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{15}{100} = 0,15(mol)$
$\%V_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{0,05}{0,05 + 0,15}.100\% = 25\%$
$\%V_{CH_4} = 100\% - 25\% = 75\%$
a.\(m_{Br_2}=m_{C_2H_4}=11,2g\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{28}=0,4mol\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,6}.100=66,66\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-66,66\%=33,34\%\)
\(m_{CH_4}=\left(0,6-0,4\right).16=3,2g\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{11,2+3,2}.100=77,77\%\)
\(\%m_{CH_4}=100\%-77,77\%=22,23\%\)
b.
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,4 2 ( mol )
\(V_{kk}=\left(2+0,4\right).22,4.5=53,76.5=268,8l\)
\(Đặt:n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right),n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{hh}=a+b=0.35\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(BTC:\)
\(a+2b=0.6\)
\(a=1\)
\(b=0.25\)
\(\%CH_4=\dfrac{0.1}{0.35}\cdot100\%=28.57\%\)
\(\%C_2H_2=71.43\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ x + y = \(\dfrac{7,84}{22,4} = 0,35(mol)\)
\(CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ C_2H_2 + \dfrac{5}{2}O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2 + H_2O\\ CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\)
Theo PTHH : x + 2y = \(\dfrac{60}{100} = 0,6(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra x = 0,1 ; y = 0,25
Vậy :
\(\%V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,35}.100\% = 28,57\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2} = 100\% - 28,57\% = 71,43\%\)
a)
\(CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ C_2H_4 + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\\ C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2\\ b) n_{C_2H_4} = n_{Br_2} = \dfrac{8}{160}=0,05(mol)\\ n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CH_4} + 2n_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{50}{100} = 0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CH_4} = 0,5 - 0,05.2 = 0,4(mol)\\ \%m_{CH_4}= \dfrac{0,4.16}{0,4.16 + 0,05.28}.100\% = 82,05\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_4} =100\% - 82,05\% = 17,95\%\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{CH_4}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow28a+16b=2,04\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{9,6}{100}=0,096\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2CO+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2CO_2\)
a------------>a
\(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
b---------------->b
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
0,096<--0,096
`=> a + b = 0,096 (2)`
`(1), (2) => a = 0,042; b = 0,054`
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{0,042}{0,042+0,054}.100\%=43,75\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-43,75\%=56,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\\n_{C_2H_4}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x x ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{80}{100}=0,8mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,8 0,8 ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\x+2y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}.100=40\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-40\%=60\%\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}+m_{CaCO_3}=0,8.\left(74+100\right)=139,2g\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{CO_2\left(phản.ứng\right)}\) nha em