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Bài 1: Tính
a) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot2+2^2\)
\(=3+4\sqrt{3}+4\)
\(=7+4\sqrt{3}\)
b) Ta có: \(-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2\)
\(=-\left[\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot1+1^2\right]\)
\(=-\left(2-2\sqrt{2}+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}-3\)
Bài 2: Tính
a) Ta có: \(0.5\cdot\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{\frac{25}{4}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot10-\frac{5}{2}\)
\(=5-\frac{5}{2}\)
\(=\frac{5}{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{1\frac{9}{16}}-\sqrt{\frac{9}{16}}\right):5\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{\frac{25}{16}}-\frac{3}{4}\right)\cdot\frac{1}{5}\)
\(=\left(\frac{5}{4}-\frac{3}{4}\right)\cdot\frac{1}{5}\)
\(=\frac{2}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{5}\)
\(=\frac{1}{10}\)
Bài 3: So sánh
a) Ta có: \(3\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot2}=\sqrt{18}\)
\(2\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{2^2\cdot3}=\sqrt{12}\)
mà \(\sqrt{18}>\sqrt{12}\)(Vì 18>12)
nên \(3\sqrt{2}>2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}>\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(15-2\sqrt{10}\right)^2\)
\(=225-2\cdot15\cdot2\sqrt{10}+\left(2\sqrt{10}\right)^2\)
\(=225-60\sqrt{10}+40\)
\(=265-60\sqrt{10}\)
\(=135+130-60\sqrt{10}\)
Ta có: \(\left(3\sqrt{15}\right)^2=3^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{15}\right)^2=9\cdot15=135\)
Ta có: \(130-60\sqrt{10}\)
\(=\sqrt{16900}-\sqrt{36000}< 0\)(Vì 16900<36000)
\(\Leftrightarrow130-60\sqrt{10}+135< 135\)(cộng hai vế của BĐT cho 135)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(15-2\sqrt{10}\right)^2< \left(3\sqrt{15}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15-2\sqrt{10}< 3\sqrt{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{15-2\sqrt{10}}{3}< \frac{3\sqrt{15}}{3}=\sqrt{15}\)
hay \(\frac{15-2\sqrt{10}}{3}< \sqrt{15}\)
\(\sqrt{16x+16}-\sqrt{9x+9}+\sqrt{4x+4}+\sqrt{x+1}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x+1}-3\sqrt{x+1}+2\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x+1}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x+1}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=4\)
<=> x + 1 = 16
<=> x = 15 (nhận)
~ ~ ~
\(\sqrt{4x+20}-3\sqrt{5+x}+\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt{9x+45}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x+5}-3\sqrt{x+5}+4\sqrt{x+5}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x+5}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=2\)
<=> x + 5 = 4
<=> x = - 1 (nhận)
a) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{81}.\dfrac{16}{49}.\dfrac{196}{9}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{81}}.\sqrt{\dfrac{16}{49}}.\sqrt{\dfrac{196}{9}}=\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{4}{7}.\dfrac{14}{3}=\dfrac{40}{27}\)
b) \(\sqrt{3\dfrac{1}{16}.2\dfrac{14}{25}.2\dfrac{34}{81}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{49}{16}.\dfrac{64}{25}.\dfrac{196}{81}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{49}{16}}.\sqrt{\dfrac{64}{25}}.\sqrt{\dfrac{196}{81}}=\dfrac{7}{4}.\dfrac{8}{5}.\dfrac{14}{9}=\dfrac{196}{45}\)
c) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{640}.\sqrt{34,3}}{\sqrt{567}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{640.34,3}{567}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{64.49}{81}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{64}.\sqrt{49}}{\sqrt{81}}=\dfrac{8.7}{9}=\dfrac{56}{9}\)
d) \(\sqrt{21,6}.\sqrt{810}.\sqrt{11^2-5^2}=\sqrt{21,6.810.\left(11^2-5^2\right)}=\sqrt{216.81.\left(11+5\right)\left(11-5\right)}=\sqrt{36^2.9^2.4^2}=36.9.4=1296\)
a) \(\sqrt{16}\cdot\sqrt{25}+\sqrt{196}:\sqrt{49}\)
\(=\sqrt{16\cdot25}+\sqrt{196:49}\)
\(=20+2=22\)
b) \(36:\sqrt{2\cdot3^2\cdot18}-\sqrt{169}\)
\(=36:\sqrt{324}-\sqrt{169}\)
\(=36:18-13=2-13=-11\)
c) \(\sqrt{\sqrt{81}}\)
\(=\sqrt{9}=3\)
d) \(\sqrt{3^2+4^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{9+16}=\sqrt{25}=5\)
a) \(\sqrt{16}.\sqrt{25}+\sqrt{196}\div\sqrt{49}\)
\(=4.5+14:7\)
\(=20+2=22\)
b) \(36:\sqrt{2.3^2.18}-\sqrt{169}\)
\(=36:18-13=-11\)
c) \(\sqrt{\sqrt{81}}=\sqrt{9}=3\)
d) \(\sqrt{3^2+4^2}=\sqrt{25}=5\)
\(a,2\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{4}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{48}{9}}-\dfrac{2}{5}.\sqrt{\dfrac{75}{16}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.\dfrac{\sqrt{27}}{2}-\sqrt{\dfrac{48}{3}}-\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{\sqrt{75}}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{27}-\dfrac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}.\dfrac{5\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{3}-\dfrac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{7\sqrt{3}}{6}\)
\(b,\left(1+\dfrac{5-\sqrt{5}}{1-\sqrt{5}}\right).\left(\dfrac{5+\sqrt{5}}{1+\sqrt{5}}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[1+\dfrac{\left(5-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{5}\right)}{-4}\right].\left[\dfrac{\left(5+\sqrt{5}\right).\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}{-4}+1\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(1+\dfrac{5+5\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}-5}{-4}\right).\left(\dfrac{5-5\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{5}-5}{-4}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(1+\dfrac{4\sqrt{5}}{-4}\right)\left(\dfrac{-4\sqrt{5}}{-4}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right).\left(1+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
<=> 1-5
=-4
\(a,\sqrt{4,9.360}=\sqrt{49.36}=\sqrt{49}.\sqrt{36}=7.6=42\)
b,\(\sqrt{2,25.0,04}=\sqrt{0.09}=0.3\)
c, \(\sqrt{3\dfrac{1}{16}.2\dfrac{4}{15}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{49}{16}.\dfrac{44}{15}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{49}{16}}.\sqrt{\dfrac{44}{15}}=\dfrac{7}{4}.1,7=2,99\approx3\)
e, \(\sqrt{\dfrac{144}{169}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{144}}{\sqrt{169}}=\dfrac{12}{13}\)
g,\(\dfrac{\sqrt{27}}{\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{27}{3}}=\sqrt{9}=3\)
f,\(\sqrt{2,25}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
n,\(\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{529}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{25}}{\sqrt{529}}=\dfrac{5}{23}\)
a) \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}+2}{4\sqrt{3}+4}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{4\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{15}}{\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{12}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}{\sqrt{4}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{16}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\\ =\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}=1+\sqrt{2}\)
d) \(\sqrt{9+\sqrt{17}}.\sqrt{9-\sqrt{17}}=\sqrt{\left(9+\sqrt{17}\right)\left(9-\sqrt{17}\right)}\\ =\sqrt{81-17}=\sqrt{64}=8\)
\(a.\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}+2}{4\sqrt{3}+4}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{4\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}=\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b.\dfrac{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{15}}{\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{12}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
\(c.\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{16}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2+2+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}=1+\sqrt{2}\)
\(d.\sqrt{9+\sqrt{17}}.\sqrt{9-\sqrt{17}}=\sqrt{\left(9+\sqrt{17}\right)\left(9-\sqrt{17}\right)}=\sqrt{81-17}=8\)
a) \(\sqrt{16}+\sqrt{1}-3\sqrt{9}=4+1-3.3=-4\)
b) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{9}}-\sqrt{25}+\sqrt{100}=\dfrac{2}{3}-5+10=\dfrac{17}{3}\)
c) \(2\sqrt{169}+3\sqrt{196}-2\sqrt{289}\)
= \(2.13+3.14-2.17=34\)