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Câu 3:
c, Từ phần trên, có nH2 = nFe = 0,1 (mol)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\), ta được Fe2O3 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
0,1-->0,2----->0,1------>0,1
`=> m_{FeCl_2} = 0,1.127 = 12,7 (g)`
b) `V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)`
c) `n_{Fe_2O_3} = (16)/(160) = 0,1 (mol)`
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(0,1>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\Rightarrow\) Fe2O3
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{48}{80}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi: nCuO (pư) = x (mol)
⇒ nCuO (dư) = 0,6 - x (mol)
\(CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=x\left(mol\right)\)
X gồm: Cu và CuO dư.
⇒ mCu + mCuO (dư) = 40,8 ⇒ 64x + 80.(0,6-x) = 40,8 ⇒ x = 0,45 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,45.64}{40,8}.100\%\approx70,59\%\\\%m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}\approx29,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(H\%=\dfrac{0,45}{0,6}.100\%=75\%\)
c, Gọi CTHH cần tìm là FexOy.
PT: \(Fe_xO_y+yCO\underrightarrow{t^o}xFe+yCO_2\)
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{22,5}{100}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1}{y}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{y}n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,225}{y}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{12}{\dfrac{0,225}{y}}=\dfrac{160}{3}y\left(g/mol\right)\)
Mà: \(M_{Fe_xO_y}=56x+16y\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=\dfrac{160}{3}y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là Fe2O3
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
______0,2_________________0,2 (mol)
b, VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
c, Ta có: \(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{7,2}{72}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{FeO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mFe = 0,1.56 = 5,6 (g)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\)ZnCl2 + H2
b) mZn = \(\dfrac{13}{65}\)=0,2 (mol)
Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\)ZnCl2 + H2
(mol) 0,2 ----------------------> 0,2
\(V_{H_2}\)= 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48(lít)
c)\(n_{FeO}\)=\(\dfrac{7,2}{72}\)=0,1 (mol)
H2 + FeO \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)Fe + H2O
(mol) 0,1----->0,1
mFe = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6(g)
\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{0,2}{6}\) => HCl dư
b, Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,1=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,1-\dfrac{1}{30}\right).27=1,8\left(g\right)\)
c, PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
0,1--------->0,075
=> mFe = 0,075.56 = 4,2 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=\dfrac{40.9}{100}=3,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=9-3,6=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15 ------------------------> 0,15
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 ---------------------------> 0,3
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=\left(0,15+0,3\right).22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{6,48}{18}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
Theo pthh: \(n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2O}=0,36\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{oxit}=15,12+16.0,36=20,88\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{15,12}{56}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,27 : 0,36 = 3 : 4
=> CTHH: Fe3O4 (oxit sắt từ)
mMg = 40%x9 = 3,6(g) =>nMg=3,6:24 = 0,15 (mol)
=> mAl = 9-3,6 = 5,4(g) => nAl = 5,4:27 = 0,2 (mol)
pthh : 2Al+6HCl -> 2AlCl3+3H2
0,2 0,3
Mg+2HCl -> MgCl2 +H2
0,15 0,15
=> nH2 = 0,15 + 0,3 = 0,45 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 (L)
mH2 = 0,45 . 2 = 0,9 (mol)
áp dụng BLBTKL ta có :
mH2 + moxit sắt = mFe + mH2O
=> moxit sắt = 20,7 (g)