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\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt[]{\dfrac{1}{ab}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[]{ab}}\) (1)
Ta có \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-2\sqrt[]{ab}+b\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge2\sqrt[]{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}\le\dfrac{2\sqrt[]{ab}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}\le\sqrt[]{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\le\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[]{ab}}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{a+b}\le\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[]{ab}}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
hay \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
giả sử \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)(1) đúng
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\\ \Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
trừ hai vế với 4ab, ta được:
\(a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(2)
vì bất đẳng thức (2) luôn đúng nên bất đẳng thức (1) luôn đúng
dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b
a, Vì x2 ≥ 0 , 2y2 ≥ 0 với mọi x,y
=>x2+2y2+ 1 ≥ 1
=>Phân thức trên luôn có nghĩa
a)Ta có : \(\dfrac{x+1}{1-x}\)( giữ nguyên )
\(\dfrac{x^2-2}{1-x}\)( giữ nguyên )
\(\dfrac{2x^2-x}{x-1}=\dfrac{x-2x^2}{1-x}\)
b)Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{x-1}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x^3-1}\)
\(\dfrac{2x}{x^2+x+1}=\dfrac{2x\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2x^2-2x}{x^3-1}\)
\(\dfrac{2x-3x^2}{x^3-1}\)(giữ nguyên )
c) MTC = ( x+ 2)2(x - 2)2
Do đó , ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+4x+4}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)^2\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2-4x+4}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{x^2-4}=\dfrac{x}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-2^2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{x^3-4x}{\left(x+2\right)^2\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
d) MTC = xyz( x - y)( y - z)( x - z)
Do đó , ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}=\dfrac{yz\left(y-z\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{y\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\dfrac{-xz\left(x-z\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{z\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}=\dfrac{xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
Cộng các phân thức lại ta có :
\(\dfrac{yz\left(y-z\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{-xz\left(x-z\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(a,\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=x^2+2x+1-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-3\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x^2+2x+1-x^2+2x-1-3x^2+2=-3x^2+4x+2\)\(b,5\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)-\left(2x-3\right)^2-x^2+17\)
\(=5\left(x^2-4\right)-\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)-x^2+17\)
\(=5x^2-20-4x^2+12x-9-x^2+17=12x-12\)
a) \(7x^2-28=0\Leftrightarrow7\left(x^2-4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x=2;x=-2\)
b) \(\left(2x+1\right)+x\left(2x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\2x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x=-1;x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
c) \(2x^3-50x=0\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2-25\right)=0\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=0\\x-5=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x=0;x=5;x=-5\)
d) \(9\left(3x-2\right)=x\left(2-3x\right)\Leftrightarrow9\left(3x-2\right)=-x\left(3x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(3x-2\right)+x\left(3x-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(9+x\right)\left(3x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9+x=0\\3x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-9\\3x=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-9\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x=-9;x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
e) \(5x\left(x-3\right)-2x+6=0\Leftrightarrow5x\left(x-3\right)-2\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) vậy \(x=\dfrac{2}{5};x=3\)
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2ab}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2ab}\ge0\)
=> \(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2ab}+4\ge4\) (1)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1=\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+2\) (2)
Vì a,b>0 ,áp dụng bất đẳng thức Côsy
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\)
Kết hợp với (2) ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+2\ge4\)
Và từ (1)
=> \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2ab}\left(đpcm\right)\)
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