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1 Mary said: " Are you hungry Quynh"
=> Mary asked Quynh if she was hungry
2 Peter sais when will you get back from New YorkJohn?
=> Peter asked John when he would get back from New York
3 Peter said how long does it take to get to New York John?
=> Peter asked John how long it took to get to New York
4 Tom said can you swim lam?
=> Tom asked Lam if she/he could swim
5The hunter said do you hear the roar of a lion Joe
=> The hunter asked Joe if she heared the roar of a lion
6 Mary said is your new baby a boy or a girl Mrs Jane
=> Mary asked Mrs Jane whether her new baby a boy or a girl
7 Favis said may I borrow your car Emily
=> Favis asked Emily if he might borrow her car
chuyển câu sau thành câu gián tiếp:
a, the tourists said to the guider:" how do you impove your english? "
=> The tourists asked the guider how he improved his English
b, my mother said to me:" why do you come to school late?"
=> My mother asked me why I came to school late
c, she said to him:"what will we do tomorrrow?"
=> She asked him what they would do the following day
a, The tourists told the guider how he/she improved his/her english.
b, My mother told me why I came to school late.
c, She told him what they would do the next day.
bạn đọc vào đây để tìm nhé
I. Khái niệm:
Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.
Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech) là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói.
II.3 nguyên tắc cần nhớ khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
Đổi ngôi, đổi tân ngữ
Lùi thì
Đổi cụm từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Cụ thể như sau:
Rule (Quy tắc) | Direct speech (Trực tiếp) | Reported speech (Gián tiếp) |
1. Tenses (Thì) | Present simple (V/Vs/es) | Past simple (Ved) |
Present progressive (is/am/are+Ving) | Past progressive (was/were+Ving) | |
Present perfect (have/has+VpII) | Past perfect (had+VPII) | |
Past simple (Ved) | Past perfect (had +VpII) | |
Past progressive (was/were +Ving) | Past progressive/ | |
Past perfect | Past perfect | |
Future simple (will +V) | Future in the past (would +V) | |
Near future (is/am/are +going to+V) | Was/were +going to +V | |
2. Modal verbs | Can | Could |
3. Adverb of place | This | That |
These | Those | |
Here | There | |
4. Adverb of time | Now | Then |
Today | That day | |
Yesterday | The day before/ the previous day | |
The day before yesterday | Two days before | |
Tomorrow | The day after/the next (following) day | |
The day after tomorrow | Two days after/ in two days’ time | |
Ago | Before | |
This week | That week | |
Last week | The week before/ the previous week | |
Last night | The night before | |
Next week | The week after/ the following week | |
5.Subject/Object | I / me | She, he /Her, him |
We /our | They/ them | |
You/you | I, we/ me, us |
III. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/tường thuật:
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | said | that + | Clause |
VD:
“I’m going to visit Japan next month”, she said. → She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
“He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me. → Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
2.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
Câu hỏi Yes/No question
Câu hỏi Yes/No question là câu hỏi mà người nghe sẽ phải lựa chọn trả lời Yes/No cho mỗi câu hỏi.
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | if | + Clause |
VD:
“Do you love English?”, the teacher asked. → The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
“Have you done your homeworked yet?”, they asked. → They asked me if/whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “OR NOT” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng WHETHER
“Does she roses or not?”, he wondered. → He wondered whether she d roses or not.
Câu hỏi Wh-questions
Câu hỏi Wh-questions là câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi Wh- (What, Where, When, Which, Why, How…)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | + Clause (Wh-word + S + V(thì)) |
VD:
“Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she. → She asked Nam where he lived.
3. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh (Vinf/ Don’t + Vinf, please)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked/told/ordered/advised/wanted/warned | + sb + (not) to Vinf |
VD:
“Open the book page 117, please”,the teacher said. → The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
“Don’t touch that dog”, he said. → He asked/told me not to touch that dog.
viết thành câu gián tiếp
- My mother said to me, “Why are you so lazy and naughty?” ---> My mother said to me why I so lazy and naughty.
- “What is your new English teacher like?” John asked his friend. ---> John asked his friend what John friend's new English teacher was.
- The doctor asked the woman, “How often do you go swimming?” --->The doctor asked the woman how often she went swimming
- ”Where will you spend your vacation this summer, Peter?” said Mary. --->Mary asked Peter where he would spend his vacation that summer.
- Mr Harry asked me, “Why are you often late for school?” --->Mr Harry asked me why I was often late for school
- “ What do I have to do this situation?” said the lady to the policeman. --->The lady said to the policeman what she had to do that situation
- The police said to the children, “ Why are you playing soccer here?” --->The police said to the chidren why they were playing soccer there
- “ Who teaches English this year?” said Mary to John. --->Mary said to John who teached English that year
- Mrs Brown said,” Where are you working now, Mr Smith?” ---> Mrs Brown asked Mr Smith where she was working then
- She asked me, “ Do you like English?” --->She asked me if I liked English
- My brother said to my mother,” I ‘ll be able to speak English as fluently as you do soon.” --->My brother said to my mother he would be able to speak English as fluently as you do soon
- ” Why are you looking at me like that?” said the girl to the boy. --->The girl asked the boy why he was looking at her like that
- Mr Pike asked his daughter, “ How are you feeling now?” -->Mr Pike asked his daughter how she was feeling then
- He said, “I’m hungry now. -->He said he was hungry then
- “What do you want me to help you now?” she said to her son. --->She said to her son what he wanted her to help his then
- “ You have to explain all these things, son,” said Miss Brown. --->Miss Brown said to his son he had to explain all those things
- The teacher said to the school girl,” What subject do you like best?” --->The teacher said to the school girl what subject she liked best.
- The man said to the boy, “ You are wasting your valuable time on these computer games.” --->The man said to the boyhe was wasting his valuable time on those computer games
- “What are you going to buy for your sister on her birthday this time, David? said Ann. --->Ann asked David what he was going to buy for his sister on her birthday that time
- The girl said to me, “ My brother and I will come to see you tomorrow evening.”
I
1. Tom asked me if i had seen that film before
2. He asked me why i was so hungry the day before
3.My Father asked me if i helped my mother with the housework
4.Nguyen asked me where i was going for my summer holiday
5.She asked me if i had finished my homwork yet
6. Hong asked Mrs Huong if her new baby was a boy or a girl
7. Nguyen Ask Nga how long it took to get to HN
8. Tom asked lan if he might be borrowed her car (không chắc đúng không)
chuyển các câu sau sang gián tiếp:
a, Miss Linh said, :"This is the first time I have been to this place."
=> Miss Linh said to me that that was the first time I had been to that place
b, They said to us," We will have to finish the job."
=> They said to us that we woulg have to finish the job
c, He said,:" She is coming this week."
=> He said to me that she was coming that week
d, He said, :" I can't find my hat."
=> He said to me that he couldn't find his hat
e, he said to her," Did you do your home work"?.
=> He said to her if she did her homework
f, The teacher told Ba," Where will you live after graduation."
=> The teacher told Ba where he would live after graduation
g, The boy said to girl," What were you doing when I saw you"?
=> The boy said to girl what she had been doing when he had seen her
chuyển các câu sau sang gián tiếp:
a, Miss Linh said, :"This is the first time I have been to this place."
Miss Linh said that that was the first time she had been to that place.
b, They said to us," We will have to finish the job."
They said to us that they would have to finish the job.
c, He said,:" She is coming this week."
He said that she was coming that week.
d, He said, :" I can't find my hat."
He said that he couldn't find his hat.
e, he said to her," Đi you do your home work"?.
He asked her if she had gone home work.
f, The teacher told Ba," Where will you live after graduation."
The teacher asked Ba where he would live after graduation.
g, The boy said to girl," What were you doing when I saw you"?
They boy asked the girl what she had been doing when he had seen her.
Ex1:Wh-questions reported speech:
1:He asked "How long does it take you to have lunch?"'
>> He asked me how long it took me to have lunch.
2:He asked me"what are you doing at the weekend?"
>> He asked me What I was doing at the weekend.
3:She asked"Why are you late,Tom?"
>> She asked Tom Why he was late.
4:My mother asked"Where is your umbrella?"
>> My mother asked me Where my umbrella was.
5:The secretary asked"who do you want to see,sir?"
>> The secretary asked sir who he wanted to see.
6:The students asked"What time does the bell bring?"
>> The students asked what time the bell brought
7:He asked Tom"what kind ò films do you like watching?"
>> He asked Tom what kinds of film he liked watching.
8:The teacher asked the girl"When do you have to be come?"
>> The teacher asked the girl when she had to be come.
9:They always asked"Why don't you let my cat in?"
>> They always asked why I did not let their cat in
10:The pasengers asked"When did the last train leave?"
>> The pasengers asked When the last train left.
Chuyển các câu sau sang lối nói gián tiếp
1."Do you want to visit the Great Wall in china,Tam?", I said
=> I asked Tam if she wanted to visit the Great Wall in China
2."Are you from Australia?", I said to the tourist
=>I asked the tourists if they were from Australia
3."My uncle is working in a building near the Statue os Liberty",John said
=>John said his uncle was working in a building near the statue of Liberty
4."Will you go to Cairo on your holliday next month?" I asked Mr. and Mrs. Robinson
=>I asked Mr. and Mrs. Robinson if they would go to Cairo on their holiday the following month
5."Have you ever been to My Son, Mrs Blake?",Nam said
=>Nam asked Mrs Blake if she had ever been to My Son
6."Send me a postcard when you arrive in Paris!", I said to Lan
=> I asked Lan to send me a postcard when she arrived in Paris
7."Does your sister have a toy store in London?",Jane asked Peter
=> Jane asked Peter if her had a toy store in London
8."Can you show me the way to the Sydney Opera House?", he asked the policeman
=>he asked the policeman if he could show him the way to the Sydney Opera House
9."don"t go out alone at night!", the household said to me
=>the household told me not to go out alone at night
10."Is there any information about the flight to Phnom Penh?",Mr.Hoang said
=> Mr.Hoang asked me if there was some information about the flight to Phnom Penh
Câu trực tiếp thành gián tiếp nhe!
1.Johny said to me: "I don't know what Fred is doing "
=> Johny said to me that he didn't know what Fred was doing.
2.Hoa asked me:"Do you like dogs and cats? "
=> Hoa asked me if I liked dogs and cats.
3.The teacher asked me:"did your father live in HCM 10 years ago "
=> The teacher asked me if my father lived in HCM 10 years before.
4.Nam said to Hoa:"Will you come to Dalat next month?"
=> Nam asked Hoa if she would come to Dalat the following month.
5.The mother said to her son:"Are you hungry? "
=> The mother asked her son if he were hungry.
6.The boy said to the girl:"Can I go with you to school? "
=> The boy asked the girl if he could go with her to school.
1 .what do you want , my boy ?
=> She asked her son what he wanted.
2.who will come to the pictures with me ?
=> She asked us who would come to the pictures with her.
3 is your new baby a boy or a girl,Mrs Brown ?
=> She asked Mrs Brown if her new baby was a boy or a girl.
4 .May I borrow your bicycle ,Nam ?
=> She asked Nam if she could borrow his bicycle.
5.When will you get back from Peking, Mr.Counsellor ?
=> She asked Mr. Counsellor when he would get back from Peking.