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a; A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{n^2}\))
A = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{n.n}\))
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\); \(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\); ...; \(\dfrac{1}{n.n}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
nên A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4.}\)(1 + \(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{n-1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(1 + 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(2 - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4n}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
\(1^3+2^3+...+n^3=\left(1+2+...+n\right)^2\)(*)
Với \(n=1;n=2\) (*) đúng
Giả sử (*) đúng với n=k khi đó (*) thành
\(1^3+2^3+...+k^3=\left(1+2+...+k\right)^2\)
Thật vậy giả sử (*) đúng với n=k+1 khi đó (*) thành
\(1^3+2^3+...+k^3+\left(k+1\right)^3=\left(1+2+...+k+k+1\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
Cần chứng minh (1) đúng, mặt khác ta lại có
\(\left(1+2+...+n\right)^2=\left[\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\right]^2=\frac{\left(n^2+n\right)^2}{4}\)
Đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với
\(\frac{\left(k^2+k\right)^2}{4}+\left(k+1\right)^3=\frac{\left(k^2+3k+2\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4k^3+12k^2+12k+4=4\left(k+1\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(k+1\right)^3=4\left(k+1\right)^3\)
Theo nguyên lý quy nạp ta có đpcm
Vậy \(1^3+2^3+...+n^3=\left(1+2+...+n\right)^2=\left[\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Ta có : \(1^3+2^3+3^3+....+n^3\)
=\(\left(1+2+3+4+...+n\right)^2\)
=\(\left(\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\right)^2\) (đpcm)
vì bài dài quá nên mình làm từng bài 1 nhé
1. Ta thấy : \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{n^3-n}=\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]\)
Do đó :
\(B< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)
2.
Nhận xét : \(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
Do đó :
\(A=\frac{2^2}{1.3}.\frac{3^2}{2.4}.\frac{4^2}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{1.2...n}.\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{3.4...\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n+1}{1}.\frac{2}{n+2}< 2\)
Ta có :
\(1-\frac{3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n^2+2n-3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1.5}{2.4}.\frac{2.6}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}...\frac{n-1}{n}\right)\left(\frac{5}{4}.\frac{6}{5}.\frac{7}{6}...\frac{n+3}{n+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{n}.\frac{n+3}{4}=\frac{n+3}{n}.\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Khó phét ta