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Từ x+y+z=3 ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\frac{\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
Nhân chéo ta có:
\(\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+xyz+x^2z+y^2x+y^2z+xyz+xyz+z^2y+z^2x=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+x^2z+y^2z+y^2x+z^2x+z^2y+2xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2y+x^2z+y^2x+xyz\right)+\left(y^2z+z^2x+z^2y+xyz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(xy+xz+y^2+yz\right)+z\left(xy+xz+y^2+yz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(xy+xz+y^2+yz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left[\left(xy+y^2\right)+\left(xz+yz\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left[y\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)=0\)
Suy ra x+z=0 hoặc y+z=0 hoặc x+y=0
Với x+z=0 ta đc y=3
Với y+z=0 ta đc x=3
Với x+y=0 ta đc z=3
Từ đó suy ra đccm
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}-\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{-x-y}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\right)=0\)
\(+,x+y=0\Rightarrow x=-y\Rightarrow\text{đpcm}\)
\(+,\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+xz+yz+z^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(z+y\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Rightarrow y+z=0\Rightarrow z=-y\Rightarrow\text{đpcm}\)
\(\text{Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh }\)
Lời giải:
$x+y+z=2014; \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2014}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}$
$\Rightarrow (\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y})+(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z})=0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Rightarrow (x+y)[\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z(x+y+z)}]=0$
$\Rightarrow (x+y).\frac{z(x+y+z)+xy}{xyz(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Rightarrow (x+y).\frac{(z+x)(z+y)}{xyz(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Rightarrow (x+y)(z+x)(z+y)=0$
$\Rightarrow x+y=0$ hoặc $x+z=0$ hoặc $z+y=0$
$\Rightarrow x=-y$ hoặc $y=-z$ hoặc $z=-x$
Vậy trong 3 số $x,y,z$ tồn tại hai số đối nhau.
\(x+\frac{1}{y}=y+\frac{1}{z}+z+\frac{1}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+1}{y}=\frac{yz+1}{z}=\frac{xz+1}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2y^2z^2+xyz^2}{xyz}=\frac{x^2y^2z^2+x^2yz}{xyz}=\frac{x^2y^2z^2+xy^2z}{xyz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2z^2+xyz^2=x^2y^2z^2+x^2yz=x^2y^2z^2+xy^2z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz^2=x^2yz=xy^2z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz.z=xyz.x=xyz.y\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\) (do x+y+z = 2015)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)
đến đây tự lm nốt nha