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1. Áp dụng Min - cốp - ski, ta được: \(\sqrt{\frac{9}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+c^2}+\sqrt{\frac{9}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+a^2}+\sqrt{\frac{9}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+b^2}\)\(\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{3}{b+c}+\frac{3}{c+a}\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)\(\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)(Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức)
Đặt \(t=a+b+c\le\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=3\)thì ta cần chứng minh: \(\sqrt{\frac{729}{4t^2}+t^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{13}}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{729}{4t^2}+t^2\ge\frac{117}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(t+3\right)\left(t-3\right)\left(2t+9\right)\left(2t-9\right)}{4t^2}\ge0\)*đúng bởi \(t-3\le0;t+3>0;2t+9>0;2t-9< 0;4t^2>0\)*
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi t = 3 hay a = b = c = 1
2. Ta có: \(\frac{4x^2y^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}-3=\frac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2\left(x^4+y^4+x^2y^2\right)}{x^2y^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{4x^2y^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\ge3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y
Ta có : \(\frac{9}{4}=\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+2\right)^2\ge9\Leftrightarrow a+b+2\ge3\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Mincopxki , ta có : \(\sqrt{1+a^4}+\sqrt{1+b^4}\ge\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2\right)^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{4+\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^4}\ge\sqrt{\frac{17}{4}}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy minP = \(\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+a+b+ab=\frac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow a+b+ab=\frac{5}{4}\)
Áp dụng Bđt Cô si ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(2\left(a^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge2a;2\left(b^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge2b\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+1\ge2\left(a+b+ab\right)=\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng Bđt Bunhiacopski ta cũng có:
\(P\ge\sqrt{\left(1+1\right)^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{4+\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Dấu = khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
1) \(\frac{9}{x^2}+\frac{2x}{\sqrt{2x^2+9}}=1\left(ĐK:x\ne0\right)\)
Đặt: \(\sqrt{2x^2+9}=a\left(a\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+9=a^2\Leftrightarrow9=a^2-2a^2\)
Khi đó pt đã cgo trở rhanhf:
\(\frac{a^2-2x^2}{x^2}+\frac{2x}{a}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}\right)^2-2+\frac{2x}{a}-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}\right)^2+\frac{2x}{a}-3=0\) (*)
Đặt: \(\frac{a}{x}=b\) khi đó (*) trở thành:
\(b^2+\frac{2}{b}-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^3+2-3b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b^3-b\right)-\left(2b-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(b-1\right)\left(b+1\right)-2\left(b-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-1\right)\left(b^2+b-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-1\right)^2\left(b+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}b-1=0\\b+2=0\end{array}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}b=1\\b=-2\end{array}\right.\)
Với: \(b=1\) ta có:
\(\frac{a}{x}=1\Leftrightarrow a=x\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+9}=x\Leftrightarrow2x^2+9=x^2\Leftrightarrow x^2+9=0\left(loai\right)\)
Với: \(b=-2\) ta có:
\(\frac{a}{x}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+9}=-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+9=4x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=\frac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\\x=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\end{array}\right.\)
Thử lại ta thấy: \(x=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\left(ktm\right);x=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}}\left(tm\right)\)
Vaayk pt đã cho có nhgieemj là \(x=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\frac{4\sqrt{x}-3}{2\sqrt{x}-x}\right):\)\(\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{4\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)\(:\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x-4\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}:\frac{x-4-x+4\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}.\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{4\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{4}\)
\(b,\)Để \(P>0\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{4}>0\)
Mà \(4>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-3>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}>3\Rightarrow x>9\)
\(c,\sqrt{P}_{min}=0\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-3=0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=3\Rightarrow x=9\)
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=3< =>\left(a+b+c+2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ca}\right)=9< =>\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=2\\
\\
\)
Ở đâu có 2 thì thay vào @@
Ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=\left(a+b+c\right)+2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2-\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=\frac{3^2-5}{2}=2\)
Ở đâu có 2 thay bằng \(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\) là được
1. ĐK \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne4\end{cases}}\)
a. Ta có \(R=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right).\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}.\frac{\sqrt{x}-2+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}}.\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
b. Với \(x=4+2\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow R=\frac{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+2}{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\left(\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}+2}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\left(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1+2}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+3}{3-1}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+3}{2}\)
c. Để \(R>0\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-2>0\Rightarrow x>4\)
Vậy \(x>4\)thì \(R>0\)
2. Ta có \(A=6+2\sqrt{2}=6+\sqrt{8};B=9=6+3=6+\sqrt{9}\)
Vì \(\sqrt{8}< \sqrt{9}\Rightarrow A< B\)
3. a. \(VT=\frac{a+b-2\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}:\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right).\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)=a-b=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
b. Ta có \(VT=\left(2+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right).\left(2-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(2+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)=4-a=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
Xét biểu thức \(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{abc+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(abc+ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{4+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)(Do \(ab+bc+ca+abc=4\)theo giả thiết)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}=1\)(***)
Với x,y dương ta có 2 bất đẳng thức phụ sau:
\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)(*)
\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)(**)
Áp dụng (*) và (**), ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{a+b+4}=\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}\right)\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)\)(2)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+2}+\frac{1}{a+2}\right)\)(3)
Cộng từng vế của các bất đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)(theo (***))
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)