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\(A=\frac{x^2}{y^2+z^2-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2+x^2-y^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{y^2+\left(z-x\right)\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y^2}{z^2+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z^2}{x^2+\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=-z\\y+z=-x\\x+z=-y\end{cases}\left(2\right)}\)
Lại vì \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}z-x=-2x-y\\x-y=-2y-z\\y-z=-x-2z\end{cases}\left(3\right)}\)
Thay (2) và (3) vào (1) ta được:
\(A=\frac{x^2}{y^2+y^2+2xy}+\frac{y^2}{z^2+z^2+2yz}+\frac{z^2}{x^2+x^2+2xz}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{2y\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^2}{2z\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^2}{2x\left(x+z\right)}\left(4\right)\)
Thay (2) vào (4) ta được:
\(A=\frac{x^2}{-2yz}+\frac{y^2}{-2zx}+\frac{z^2}{-2xy}\)
\(=\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{-2xyz}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)}{-2xyz}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xyz}{-2xyz}\)
\(=\frac{-3xyz}{-2xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy ...
x+y+z=0
=> x+y=-z
=> (x+y)2=z2
=>x2+2xy+y2=z2
=>2xy=z2-x2-y2
tương tự ta được
2yz=x2-y2-z2
2xz=y2-x2-z2
ta lại có
*x+y+z=0 => x+y=-z hay z=-(x+y)
* x3+y3+z3
=(x3+y3)-(x+y)3
=(x+y)(x2-xy+y2)-(x+y)3
=(x+y)[x2-xy+y2-(x+y)2]
=(x+y)(x2-xy+y2-x2-2xy-y2)
=(x+y)(-3xy)
=-z.(-3xy)
=3xyz
=> A=\(\dfrac{x^2}{2xy}+\dfrac{y^2}{2xz}+\dfrac{z^2}{2xy}=\dfrac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{2xyz}=\dfrac{3xyz}{2xyz}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Thay x=-y-z
suy ra x^2-y^2-z^2=(-y-z)^2-y^2-z^2=2yz
Vậy M=x^+y^+z^3/2xyz(quy đồng)
Tiếp tuc thay: x=-y-z
M=(-y-z)^3+y^3+z^3/2(-y-z)yz
M=-3x^2y-3xy^2/-2x^y-2xy^2=3/2
a, Xét tử thức \(x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left[\left(x-z\right)-\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(x-z\right)-z^2\left(y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-z^2\right)\left(y-z\right)-\left(y^2-z^2\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-z\right)-\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(xy-xz+yz-z^2-y^2-yz+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(xy-xz+yz-y^2\right)=\left(x-z\right)\left[x\left(y-z\right)-y\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
Mẫu thức \(x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-y^3=x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(y-z\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-y^3}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\frac{x-z}{x+y}\)
b, \(\frac{x^5+x+1}{x^3+x^2+x}=\frac{x^5-x^2+x^2+x+1}{x\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\frac{x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^2+x+1}{x\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\frac{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+1\right)}{x\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\frac{x^3-x^2+1}{x}\)
Dùng hằng đẳng thức thứ 2:
A= [(x+y+z)-(x+y)]2=z2
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Áp dụng HĐT thứ 2: (A - B)2 = A2 - 2AB + B2, ta có:
(x + y + z)2 - 2(x + y + z)(x + y) + (x + y)2 = [(x + y + z) - (x + y)]2
= z2
Ta có: x+y+z=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz=0\)(1)
Ta có: \(K=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2-2xz+x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3x^2+3y^2+3z^2-x^2-y^2-z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz-2xz\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vậy: \(K=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(K=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(K=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)