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Từ \(x+y=1\)\(\Rightarrow\)
\(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{x}}=\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{y}-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\)(1)
Có thể viết lại \(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1-y}}=\frac{1-y}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1-x}{\sqrt{x}}=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:
\(2S\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt[4]{xy}}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}}=2\sqrt{2}\)\(\Rightarrow S\ge\sqrt{2}\)
Dễ thấy dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}+\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^4+1}+\sqrt{\left(y-2\right)^4+1}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=u\\y-2=v\end{cases}}\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{u^4+1}+\sqrt{v^4+1}\)(với \(u,v\inℝ\))
Điều kiện đã cho ban đầu trở thành \(\left(u+1\right)\left(v+1\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow uv+u+v+1=\frac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow uv+u+v=\frac{5}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2u-1\right)^2\ge0\forall u\inℝ\\\left(2v-1\right)^2\ge0\forall v\inℝ\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4u^2-4u+1\ge0\\4v^2-4v+1\ge0\end{cases}}\forall u,v\inℝ\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4u^2+1\ge4u\\4v^2+1\ge4v\end{cases}}\Rightarrow u^2+v^2\ge u+v-\frac{1}{2}\forall u,v\inℝ\)(*)
và \(\left(u-v\right)^2\ge0\forall u,v\inℝ\Leftrightarrow u^2-2uv+v^2\ge0\forall u,v\inℝ\)
\(\Rightarrow u^2+v^2\ge2uv\forall u,v\inℝ\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(u^2+v^2\right)\ge uv\forall u,v\inℝ\)(**)
Cộng theo vế của (*) và (**), ta được: \(\frac{3}{2}\left(u^2+v^2\right)\ge uv+u+v-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{4}-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow u^2+v^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)(**
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Minkowski, ta được:
\(A=\sqrt{u^4+1}+\sqrt{v^4+1}\ge\sqrt{\left(u^2+v^2\right)^2+\left(1+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(u^2+v^2\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+4}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+4}=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(u=v=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2};y=\frac{5}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là \(\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)đạt được khi \(x=-\frac{1}{2};y=\frac{5}{2}\)
Đặt \(a=2+x;b=y-1\) thì \(ab=\frac{9}{4}\)
Thì \(\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}=\sqrt{a^4-4a^3+6a^2-4a+2}\)
và \(\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}=\sqrt{b^4-4b^3+6b^2-4b+2}\) (cái này dùng phương pháp đồng nhất hệ số là xong)
Vậy ta tìm Min \(A=\sqrt{a^4-4a^3+6a^2-4a+2}+\sqrt{b^4-4b^3+6b^2-4b+2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^4-4a^3+4a^2\right)+2\left(a^2-2a+1\right)}+\sqrt{\left(b^4-4b^3+4b^2\right)+2\left(b^2-2b+1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2-2a\right)^2+\left[\sqrt{2}\left(a-1\right)\right]^2}+\sqrt{\left(b^2-2b\right)^2+\left[\sqrt{2}\left(b-1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2-2a-2b\right)^2+2\left(a+b-2\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}-2\left(a+b\right)\right]^2+2\left(a+b-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{t^2}{2}-2t\right)^2+2\left(t-2\right)^2}\left(t=a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}=3\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(t-1\right)\left(t-3\right)\left(t^2-4t+5\right)+\frac{17}{4}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Trình bày hơi lủng củng, sr.
Hì , giải đc rùi nha.
Vì \(x,y\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left(y+2\right)=\frac{25}{4}\)
Min \(P=\sqrt{1+x^4}+\sqrt{1+y^4}\)
- Dự đoán \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
- Sử dụng BĐT : \(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\) ( Với a,b > 0 )
=> \(1+x^4=16.\frac{1}{16}+a^4=16.\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+a^2\ge\frac{[16.\frac{1}{4}+a^2]^2}{17}\)
\(=\frac{(a^2+4)^2}{17}\)
=> \(1+y^4\ge\frac{\left(y^2+4\right)^2}{17}\)
=> \(P\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+8}{\sqrt{17}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\sqrt{17}=\frac{1}{5}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\frac{4}{5}\left(x^2+\frac{1}{4}+y^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)+8-\frac{2}{5}\)
\(\ge\frac{2xy}{5}+\frac{4}{5}\left(x+y\right)+8-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{2}{5}[xy+2\left(x+y\right)]+8-\frac{2}{5}\)
Theo giả thiết \(\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)=\frac{25}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+2\left(x+y\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\sqrt{17}\ge\frac{2}{5}.\frac{9}{4}+8-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{17}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Điểm rơi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(9=x+y+xy+1=(x+1)(y+1)\leq \left(\frac{x+y+2}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow 4\leq x+y\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(x^3+4x\geq 4x^2; y^3+4y\geq 4y^2\)
\(\frac{x}{4}+\frac{1}{x}\geq 1; \frac{y}{4}+\frac{1}{y}\geq 1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+x^2+y^2+5(x+y)+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\geq 5(x^2+y^2)+\frac{3}{4}(x+y)+2\)
Mà:
\(5(x^2+y^2)\geq 5.\frac{(x+y)^2}{2}\geq 5.\frac{4^2}{2}=40\)
\(\frac{3}{4}(x+y)\geq \frac{3}{4}.4=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A= x^3+y^3+x^2+y^2+5(x+y)+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\geq 40+3+2=45\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=45\Leftrightarrow x=y=2\)
Bài 2:
\(B=\frac{a^2}{a-1}+\frac{2b^2}{b-1}+\frac{3c^2}{c-1}\)
\(B-24=\frac{a^2}{a-1}-4+\frac{2b^2}{b-1}-8+\frac{3c^2}{c-1}-12\)
\(=\frac{a^2-4a+4}{a-1}+\frac{2(b^2-4b+4)}{b-1}+\frac{3(c^2-4c+4)}{c-1}\)
\(=\frac{(a-2)^2}{a-1}+\frac{2(b-2)^2}{b-1}+\frac{3(c-2)^2}{c-1}\geq 0, \forall a,b,c>1\)
\(\Rightarrow B\geq 24\)
Vậy \(B_{\min}=24\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
\(\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a\left(2c-a\right)}{c\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[2-\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}\right]+\left[2-\frac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{b\left(c+a\right)}\right]+\left[2-\frac{a\left(2c-a\right)}{c\left(a+b\right)}\right]\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b^2+2ca}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2+2ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2+2bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz, ta có :
\(\frac{b^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)( 1 )
\(\frac{ac}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{c^2}{c\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a^2}{a\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b^2}{b\left(a+b\right)}\) ( 2 )
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
Cộng ( 1 ) với ( 2 ), ta được :
\(\frac{b^2+2ca}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2+2ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2+2bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}+\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac\right)}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
không biết cách này ổn không
Ta có : \(\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{2-\frac{b}{a}}{\frac{c}{b}+1}\) ; tương tự :...
đặt \(\frac{a}{c}=x;\frac{b}{a}=y;\frac{c}{b}=z\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(\Sigma\frac{2-y}{z+1}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\Sigma xy^2+2\Sigma x^2+\Sigma xy\ge3\Sigma x+6\)( quy đồng khử mẫu )
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\frac{x}{y}\ge\Sigma x\)( xyz = 1 ) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Ta có: \(1\ge x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow1\ge4xy\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}\cdot\sqrt{1+x^2y^2}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}+xy}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{xy}+xy=\frac{15}{16}\cdot\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{16xy}+xy\)
\(\ge\frac{15}{16}\cdot4+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{16xy}\cdot xy}=\frac{15}{16}\cdot4+\frac{2}{4}=\frac{17}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\cdot\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}=\sqrt{17}\) xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(2\left(y^2+1\right)+6\ge\left(x^4+1\right)+\left(y^4+4\right)+\left(z^4+1\right)\ge2x^2+4y^2+2z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0< x^2+y^2+z^2\le4\)
Đặt: \(t=x^2+y^2+z^2.Đkxđ:0< t\le4\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)y=\sqrt{2x}y+\sqrt{2z}y\le\frac{2x^2+y^2}{2}+\frac{2z^2+y^2}{2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(P\le x^2+y^2+z^2+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2+1}=t+\frac{1}{t+1}=f\left(t\right)\)
Xét hàm: \(f\left(t\right)=t+\frac{1}{t+1}\) liên tục trên \(\left(0;4\right)\)
\(f'\left(t\right)=1-\frac{1}{\left(t+1\right)^2}>0\forall t\in\left\{0;4\right\}\)nên:
\(\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)\) đồng biến trên \(\left\{0;4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le f\left(t\right)\le f\left(4\right)=\frac{21}{5}\forall t\in\left(0;4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{Min}=\frac{21}{5}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=z=1\\y=\sqrt{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ....................
ミ★๖ۣۜBăηɠ ๖ۣۜBăηɠ ★彡
có cách nào không dùng hàm k ???
Với \(\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)=4\); mà \(4=2.2\)
Có ngay ĐK : \(\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)và \(\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\)bằng 2.
\(x=1,y=1\)với TH \(\sqrt{1}=1\)
\(S=\frac{x^4}{y}+\frac{y^4}{x}\). Như phía trên :
\(x=1,y=1\)\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1^4}{1}+\frac{1^4}{1}\Rightarrow S=1+1=2\)
Chả ai giải theo cách trẻ trâu như bạn đâu (: