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Lời giải :
A B C B' C' a C''
Ta có : \(\frac{AB'}{AB}=\frac{AC'}{AC}\)( GT ) ( 1 )
+) Đường thẳng a đi qua B' song song với BC ( GT )
\(B'C''//BC\)( vì đường thẳng a cắt AC tại C'' )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{AB'}{AB}=\frac{AC''}{AC}\)( Định lí Ta lét ) ( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow AC'=AC''\)
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Cho tam giác ABC cân (AB = AC). Gọi C’ là điểm đối xứng của Cqua AB, gọi B’ là điểm đối xứng của B qua AC. Vẽ phân giác AD.
1) C/m: B’C’ vuông góc với AD
2) C/m: DB’ = DC’
Answer:
Bài 7:
Ta có: \(\widehat{A}+\widehat{B}+\widehat{C}+\widehat{D}=360^o\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\widehat{A}+120^o+60^o+90^o=360^o\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\widehat{A}=90^o\)
Gọi góc ngoài đỉnh A là \(\widehat{DAx}\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{DAx}=180^o-\widehat{DAB}\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{DAx}=180^o-90^o=90^o\)
A B x D C
Answer:
Bài 8:
a/ P là trung điểm BC (giả thiết)
N là trung điểm AC (giả thiết)
=> NP là đường trung bình
=> NP // AB hay NP // MB và \(NP=\frac{1}{2}AB\left(1\right)\)
Mà M là trung điểm của AB (giả thiết)
=> AM = MB = \(\frac{1}{2}AB\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => NP // MB và NP = MB
=> Tứ giác BMNP là hình bình hành
b/ Ta có: AM = NP và NP // MB hay NP // AM
=> AMPN là hình bình hành
Mà ta có \(\widehat{BAC}=90^o\)
=> AMPN là hình chữ nhật
=> AM = PN, AN = MP
c/ Vì Q đối xứng P qua N => PQ vuông góc AC, PN = NQ
Tương tự ta có: PR vuông góc AB, RM = MP
Ta xét hai tam giác RAM và AQN:
AM = QN (=NP)
\(\widehat{AMR}=\widehat{QNA}=90^o\)
RM = AN (=NP)
=> Tam giác RAM = tam giác AQN (c.g.c)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{MAR}=\widehat{NQA}\)
Ta có: \(\widehat{NQA}+\widehat{QAN}=90^o\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{MAR}+\widehat{QAN}=90^o\)
Ta có: \(\widehat{BAC}=90^o\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{MAR}+\widehat{QAN}+\widehat{BAC}=180^o\)
=> R, A, Q thẳng hàng
C Q N M B R A P
A B C H D E M N I
a) Tứ giác AEHD có 3 góc vuông nên góc còn lại cũng vuông \(\Rightarrow\) tứ giác AEHD là hình chữ nhật.
b)Ta cần chứng minh NA = AM và A, M, N thẳng hàng
Do tứ giác AEHD là hình chữ nhật nên AD // EH \(\Rightarrow\)AD//NE (1)
Mặt khác DE là đường trung bình nên DE // NM \(\Rightarrow\)DE //NA(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra tứ giác EDAN là hình bình hành \(\Rightarrow\) ED = AN (*)
Tương tự ED = AM (**) .Từ (*) và (**) suy ra AM = AN (***)
Dễ chứng minh \(\Delta\)MAD = \(\Delta\)HAD \(\Rightarrow\)^MAD = ^HAD (4)
Tương tự: ^NAE = ^HAE (5) . Cộng theo vế (4) và (5) suy ra ^MAD + ^NAE = 90o (6)
Từ (6) suy ra ^MAD + ^NAE + ^EAD = 90o + ^EAD = 180o \(\Rightarrow\)N, A, E thẳng hàng (****)
Từ (***) và (****) suy ra đpcm.
c)\(\Delta\)ABC vuông tại A có AI là trung tuyến nên \(AI=\frac{1}{2}BC=CI\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Delta\)ACI cân tại I
\(\Rightarrow\)^IAC = ^ICA (7)
Mặt khác ta dễ dàng chứng minh \(\Delta\)CNA = \(\Delta\)CHA (tự chứng minh đi nhé!)
Suy ra ^NCA = ^HCA \(\Rightarrow\)^NCA = ^ICA (8) (vì H, I cùng thuộc B nên ta có H, I, C thẳng hàng do đó ^HCA = ^ICA)
Từ (7) và (8) ta có ^IAC = ^NCA. Mà hai góc này ở vị trí so le trong nên ta có đpcm.
P/s: Không chắc nha!