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Có: \(x^3+y^3+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{x+y}{xy}=-\frac{2}{xy}\le-\frac{2}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}=-2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi: \(x=y=-1\)
Vậy:....
Bạn Nguyễn Đức Thắng làm đúng rồi. Tuy nhiên bạn làm tắt quá.
\(x^3+y^3+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4\)
= \(\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)+\left(y^3+3y^2+3y+1\right)+\left(x+y\right)+2\)
= \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(y+1\right)^3+\left(x+y+2\right)\)
= \(\left[\left(x+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)\right]\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2\right]+\left(x+y+2\right)\)
= \(\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2\right]+\left(x+y+2\right)\)
= \(\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+1\right]\)
= \(\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-2.\left(x+1\right).\frac{1}{2}\left(y+1\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(y+1\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y+1\right)^2+1\right]\)
= \(\left(x+y+2\right)\left\{\left[\left(x+1\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(y+1\right)\right]^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y+1\right)^2+1\right\}\)
Biểu thức trên bằng 0 khi x + y + 2 = 0, lý luận tiếp theo như của bạn Nguyen Duc Thang
\(x^3+3x^2+3x+1+y^3+3y^2+3y+1+x+y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(y+1\right)^3+x+y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+2=0\Rightarrow x+y=-2\)
Mà \(xy>0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 0\\y< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=-\left(\frac{1}{-x}+\frac{1}{-y}\right)\le-\frac{4}{-x-y}=-2\)
\(P_{max}=-2\) khi \(x=y=-1\)
\(Q=\frac{x^3}{4\left(y+2\right)}+\frac{y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{x^3\left(x+2\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}+\frac{y^3\left(y+2\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^4+y^4+2x^3+2y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{4\left(xy+2x+2y+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{4\left(2x+2y+8\right)}=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có :
\(x^4+y^4\ge2\sqrt{x^4y^4}=2x^2y^2\)
\(x^2+y^2\ge2\sqrt{x^2y^2}=2xy\)
\(Q=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\ge\frac{2x^2y^2+2xy\left(x+y\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}=\frac{2xy\left(xy+x+y\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}=\frac{8\left(x+y+4\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y>0\\x=y\\xy=4\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=y=2\)
Vậy GTNN của Q là 1 <=> x = y = 2
Or
\(Q-1=\frac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-8\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}\ge0\)*đúng do \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy=8\)*
Do đó \(Q\ge1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = 2
Bài 2 :
Tìm min : Bình phương
Tìm max : Dùng B.C.S ( bunhiacopxki )
Bài 3 : Dùng B.C.S
KP9
nói thế thì đừng làm cho nhanh bạn ạ
Người ta cũng có chút tôn trọng lẫn nhau nhé đừng có vì dăm ba cái tích
\(x^3+3x^2+3x+1+y^3+3y^3+3y+1+x+y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(y+1\right)^3+x+y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\right)+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+2=0\)
(phần trong ngoặc \(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\frac{\left(y+1\right)^2}{4}+\frac{3\left(y+1\right)^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x+1-\frac{y+1}{4}\right)^2+\frac{3\left(y+1\right)^2}{4}+1\) luôn dương)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-2\)
Mà \(xy>0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 0\\y< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x>0\\-y>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{-x}+\frac{1}{-y}\ge\frac{4}{-\left(x+y\right)}=2\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\le-2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=-1\)
2/ \(x;y;z\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{xz+yz+z^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{xz+yz+z^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{xy+yz+xz+z^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\) dù trường hợp nào thì thay vào ta đều có \(B=0\)
3/ \(\Leftrightarrow mx-2x+my-y-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m\left(x+y\right)-\left(2x+y+1\right)=0\)
Gọi \(A\left(x_0;y_0\right)\) là điểm cố định mà d đi qua
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_0+y_0=0\\2x_0+y_0+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_0=-1\\y_0=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy d luôn đi qua \(A\left(-1;1\right)\) với mọi m
\(A=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\sqrt{4x-1-2\sqrt{4x-1}+1}}{-\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right).y^2\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=\frac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right)^2}}{-\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right).y^2}\)
Do \(x>1\Rightarrow4x-1>1\Rightarrow\sqrt{4x-1}>1\Rightarrow\sqrt{4x-1}-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right)}{-\left(\sqrt{4x-1}-1\right).y^2}=\frac{x^2-y^2}{-y^2}=1-\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2\)
\(A=-8\Rightarrow1-\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2=-8\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2=9\)
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\y< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y}< 0\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y}=-3\)