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Nếu\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{cases}}\)
Thật vậy:\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\\ \Rightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Tương tự \(a=b=c\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3abc=3a^3\\a^3+b^3+c^3=3a^3\end{cases}\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc}\)
Áp dụng ta có:\(\orbr{\begin{cases}xy+yz+zx=0\\xy=yz=zx\Rightarrow x=y=z\end{cases}}\)
Khi x=y=z,ta có P=(1+1)(1+1)(1+1)=8
Khi xy+yz+zx=0,ta có:\(xy+yz=-zx\)
Tương tự:\(yz+zx=-xy\)
\(xy+zx=-yz\)
Ta có \(P=2+\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}=2+\frac{xz+yz}{z^2}+\frac{xy+xz}{x^2}+\frac{zy+xy}{y^2}\)\(=2-\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)\(=2-\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=2-\frac{0}{xyz}=2\)
Vậy P=8 khi x=y=z
P=2 khi xy+yz+zx=0
\(A=x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(xz+yz\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
\(=0\)
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\(A=\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{y}\times\dfrac{y+z}{z}\times\dfrac{z+x}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{-z}{y}\times\dfrac{-x}{z}\times\dfrac{-y}{x}\)
\(=-1\)
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\(A=\dfrac{1}{y^2+z^2-x^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+z^2-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(y+z\right)^2-2yz-x^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+z\right)^2-2xz-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy-z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(-x\right)^2-2yz-x^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-y\right)^2-2xz-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-z\right)^2-2xy-z^2}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}\times\dfrac{x+y+z}{xyz}\)
\(=0\)
Sửa lại đề nha: x+y+z=0
a)
Xét x+y+z=0
(x+y+z)2=02
x2+y2+z2+2xy+2yz+2zx=0
=> x2+y2+z2=-2xy-2yz-2zx
Xét \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
= \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)}\)
=\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2-2zx+x^2}\)
=\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx}\)(1)
Thay x2+y2+z2=-2xy-2yz-2zx vào (1)
=>\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+x^2+y^2+z^2}\\=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3x^2+3y^2+3z^2}\\ =\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}\)
b)
Xét x+y+z=0 ba lần:
- Lần 1:x+y+z=0
<=> x+y=0-z
<=>(x+y)2=(0-z)2
<=>x2+2xy+y2=z2
<=>x2+y2-z2=-2xy(1)
-Lần 2: x+y+z=0
<=> y+z=0-x
<=>(y+z)2=(0-x)2
<=>y2+2yz+z2=x2
<=>y2+z2-x2=-2yz(2)
-Lần 3: x+y+z=0
<=>z+x=0-y
<=>(z+x)2=(0-y)2
<=>z2+2zx+x2=y2
<=> z2+x2-y2=-2zx(3)
Thay (1),(2),(3) vào Q, ta có:
=>\(\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2-z^2\right)\left(y^2+z^2-x^2\right)\left(z^2+x^2-y^2\right)}{16xyz}=\dfrac{\left(-2xy\right)\left(-2yz\right)\left(-2zx\right)}{16xyz}\\=\dfrac{\left(-2yz\right)\left(-2zx\right)}{-8z}\\ =\dfrac{y\left(-2zx\right)}{4}\\ =\dfrac{-2xyz}{4}\\ =-\dfrac{xyz}{2}\)
Từ \(\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}=0\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=-\frac{y}{z-x}-\frac{z}{x-y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=\frac{y}{x-z}+\frac{z}{y-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=\frac{y\left(y-x\right)+z\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y-z}=\frac{y^2-xy+zx-z^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\left(y-z\right)^2}=\frac{y^2-xy+zx-z^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
C/m tương tự đc \(\frac{y}{\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{z^2-yz+xy-x^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(\frac{z}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=\frac{x^2-xz+zy-y^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
Khi đó \(Q=\frac{y^2-xy+xz-z^2+z^2-yz+xy-x^2+x^2-xz+yz-y^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}=0\)
Vậy Q=0