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Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
b: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
c: \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk-b}{bk+b}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk-d}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=t\) \(\Rightarrow a=bt\);\(c=dt\)
rồi bạn thế vào điều phải chứng minh là ra
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\begin{cases} a = bk \\ c = dk \end{cases}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a.c}{b.d}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{b.d}=\dfrac{k^2.b.d}{b.d}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: \(\dfrac{a.c}{b.d}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\) \(\rightarrow đpcm\).
Từ a/b=c/d⇒a/c=b/d
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
a/c=b/d=a+b/c+d
⇒a^3/c^3=b^3/d^3=(a+b)^3/(c+d)^3 (1)
Từ a^3/c^3=b^3/d^3=a^3-b^3/c^3-d^3 (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
⇒(a+b)^3/(c+d)^3=a^3-b^3/c^3-d^3
a.Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\) (1)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk+dk\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b+d\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=k^2\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}\)
b.M = \(\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2^2}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4^2}\right)...\left(1-\dfrac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{8}{9}.\dfrac{15}{16}...\dfrac{2499}{2500}\)
= \(\dfrac{1.3.2.4.3.5...49.51}{2^2.3^2.4^2...50^2}\)
\(\dfrac{51}{2.50}=\dfrac{51}{100}\)
Lời giải:
a)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}(1)\)
Mặt khác, \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}(2)\) (áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
Từ \((1),(2)\Rightarrow \frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
b) Vì \(1-\frac{1}{2^2};1-\frac{1}{3^2};...;1-\frac{1}{50^2}<1\) nên:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} \left \{ 1-\frac{1}{2^2} \right \}=1-\frac{1}{2^2}\\ \left \{ 1-\frac{1}{3^2} \right \}=1-\frac{1}{3^2}\\ ....\\ \left \{ 1-\frac{1}{50^2} \right \}=1-\frac{1}{50^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(1-\frac{1}{2^2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3^2}\right)....\left(1-\frac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{(2^2-1)(3^2-1)(4^2-1)....(50^2-1)}{(2.3....50)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{[(2-1)(3-1)...(50-1)][(2+1)(3+1)...(50+1)]}{(2.3.4...50)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{(2.3...49)(3.4.5...51)}{(2.3.4...50)^2}=\frac{(2.3.4...49)^2.50.51}{2.(2.3....49)^2.50^2}=\frac{50.51}{2.50^2}=\frac{51}{100}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a+c}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+d}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+d}+\dfrac{d+b}{d+a}\)
\(=\left(a+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{c+d}\right)+\left(b+d\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{d+a}\right)\)
Ap dụng \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y} \left(\forall x,y>0\right)\)
Ta có: \(VT\ge\left(a+c\right).\dfrac{4}{a+b+c+d}+\left(b+d\right).\dfrac{4}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=4\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad=bc\)
Nếu:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{a}=\dfrac{c+d}{c}\Leftrightarrow c\left(a+b\right)=a\left(c+d\right)\)
\(ac+bc=ac+ad\)
\(bc=ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a}=\dfrac{c+d}{c}\rightarrowđpcm\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)=k
=> a=k.b ; c=k.d
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{a}\)=\(\dfrac{b.k+b}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{b.\left(k+1\right)}{b}\)=k+1 ( 1 )
\(\dfrac{c+d}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{d.k+d}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{d.\left(k+1\right)}{d}\)=k+1 ( 2 )
Từ (1) và (2) thì : \(\dfrac{a+b}{a}\)=\(\dfrac{c+d}{c}\)
Bài 2:
a) Ta có : Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5a}{5c}=\dfrac{7b}{7d}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có :
\(\dfrac{5a}{5c}=\dfrac{7b}{7d}=\dfrac{5a+7b}{5c+7d}\left(1\right)\)
Và \(\dfrac{5a}{5c}=\dfrac{7b}{7d}=\dfrac{5a-7b}{5c-7d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)=> \(\dfrac{5a+7b}{5c+7d}=\dfrac{5a-7b}{5c-7d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{5a+7b}{5a-7b}=\dfrac{5c+7d}{5c-7d}\)Vậy...
b) Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Thay các đẳng thức vừa tìm được , ta có :
\(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{bd}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
từ (1) và (2)=> đpcm
tik mik nha !!!
1. Bạn xem lại đề bài nhé! Mình nghĩ là \(2x=3y=5z\) thì đúng hơn!
2.
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5a}{5c}=\dfrac{7b}{7d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{5a}{5c}=\dfrac{7b}{7d}=\dfrac{5a+7b}{5c+7d}=\dfrac{5a-7b}{5c-7d}\)
Từ \(\dfrac{5a+7b}{5c+7d}=\dfrac{5a-7b}{5c-7d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{5a+7b}{5a-7b}=\dfrac{5c+7d}{5c-7d}\)(đpcm)
Vậy \(\dfrac{5a+7b}{5a-7b}=\dfrac{5c+7d}{5c-7d}\)
b) Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{bd}=\dfrac{bd.k^2}{bd}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2.k^2+d^2.k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2.\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{7a-11b}{4a+5b}=\dfrac{7c-11d}{4c+5d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{7a-11b}{7c-11d}=\dfrac{4a+5b}{4c+5d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{7a}{7c}=\dfrac{11b}{11d}=\dfrac{4a}{4c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Mặt khác:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)= k
Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}=k\) = > a = bk
Vì \(\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) = > c = dk
Ta có: \(\dfrac{7a-11b}{4a+5b}=\dfrac{7.bk-11b}{4.bk+5b}=\dfrac{\left(7.11\right).b.\left(k-1\right)}{\left(4.5\right).b.\left(k+1\right)}\dfrac{\left(7.11\right).\left(k-1\right)}{\left(4.5\right).\left(k+1\right)}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{7c-11d}{4c+5d}=\dfrac{7.dk-11d}{4.dk+5d}=\dfrac{\left(7.11\right).d.\left(k-1\right)}{\left(4.5\right).d.\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(7.11\right).\left(k-1\right)}{\left(4.5\right).\left(k+1\right)}\left(2\right)\)Từ (1) và (2) = > \(\dfrac{7a-11b}{4a+5b}=\dfrac{7c-11d}{4c+5d}\)
a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)suy ra\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)
ta có \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)
nên \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
b)đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) suy ra a=bk;c=dk
ta có \(\dfrac{a}{b+a}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)(2)
Từ (1);(2) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
c)ta có \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
suy ra \(\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d};\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}\)
suy ra \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3a-4d}\)
nên \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+3d}{3c-4d}\)
d)\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2\left(1\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\left(2\right)\)
từ (1);(2) suy ra \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Cảm ơn bn.
Mk biết cách làm rồi!