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a) Gõ link này nha: http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/1078496.html
\(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\right)\le\left(\sqrt{ab}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(a-c\right)+c\left(b-c\right)\le ab\)
Thấy: \(c\left(a-c+b-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac-\left(c^2-cb+c^2\right)\)
\(c< b\Rightarrow ac< ab\)
Do đó: \(ac-\left(c^2-cb+c^2\right)< ab\)
Vậy: \(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
ta cần cm \(\left(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2\le ab\)
mà theo bunhia \(\left(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2\le\left(c+b-c\right)\left(c+a-c\right)=ab\)
Sửa đề \(a;b>c>0\)
Giả sử \(\sqrt{ab}\ge\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\ge c\left(a-c\right)+c\left(b-c\right)+2c\sqrt{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab-ac+c^2-bc+c^2-2c\sqrt{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)-2c\sqrt{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}+c^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2-2c\sqrt{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}+c^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}-c\right)^2\ge0\)đúng với \(\forall a;b>c>0\)
Bđt Bu-nhia-cop-xki \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(ax+by\right)^2\), đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(ay=bx\)
a.
\(\left(2x+3y\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{2}x+\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{3}y\right)^2\le\left(2+3\right)\left(2x^2+3y^2\right)=5^2\)
\(\Rightarrow-5\le2x+3y\le5\)
b.
\(\sqrt{a+c}.\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{a-c}.\sqrt{b-c}\le\sqrt{a+c+a-c}.\sqrt{b+c+b-c}\)
\(=\sqrt{2a}.\sqrt{2b}=2\sqrt{ab}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\frac{\sqrt{a+c}}{\sqrt{a-c}}=\frac{\sqrt{b+c}}{\sqrt{b-c}}\), hay \(a=b\)
Thử lại với a = b thì \(VT=2a=2\sqrt{ab}=VP>\sqrt{ab}\) nên đề đã ra sai vế phải của bđt.
c.
bđt \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
d.
bđt \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2\le a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\sqrt{c^2+d^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+bd\le\sqrt{a^2+b^2}.\sqrt{c^2+d^2}\)
bđt trên luôn đúng vì theo bđt Bu-nhia-cop-xki, ta có:
\(\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(ac+bd\right)^2}=\left|ac+bd\right|\ge ac+bd\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(a+c+a-c\right)\left(b+c+b-c\right)\)
\(=2a\cdot2b=4ab=VP^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le VP\) *ĐPCM*
a) Bất đẳng thức đúng khi a = b = 2c
do đó \(\sqrt{c\left(2c-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(2c-c\right)}\le n\sqrt{2c.2c}\Leftrightarrow n\ge1\)
xảy ra khi n = 1
Thật vậy, ta có :
\(\sqrt{\frac{c}{b}.\frac{a-c}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{a}.\frac{b-c}{b}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a-c}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b-c}{b}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
Vậy n nhỏ nhất là 1
b) Ta có : a + b = \(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2}\le\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}=\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng, ta được : \(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{n}\le\sqrt{2\left(n+1\right)},\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{n-1}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)},...\)
\(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{1}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)};\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{2}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)},...\)
\(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{n}\le\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)}\)
do đó : \(4\left(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{n}\right)\le2n\sqrt{2\left(1+n\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{n}\le n\sqrt{\frac{n+1}{2}}\)
a) \(A=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=2a+2b\le2\)
Vậy GTLN của A là 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}\\a+b=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}}\)
b) Ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^4=2\left(a^2+b^2+6ab\right)\)
Tương tự : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+c^2+6ac\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+d^2+6ad\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+c^2+6bc\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+d^2+6bd\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(c^2+d^2+6cd\right)\)
Cộng các vế lại, ta được :
\(B\le6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2ab+2ac+2ad+2bd+2cd+2bc\right)=6\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le6\)
Vậy GTLN của B là 6 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{d}\\a+b+c+d=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{4}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{c.\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c.\left(b-c\right)}\) = A
Ta có A^2 = \(\left(\sqrt{\left(a-c\right).c}+\sqrt{c.\left(b-c\right)}\right)^2\)
Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki ta có A^2 <= \(\left(\sqrt{a-c}^2+\sqrt{c^2}\right).\left(\sqrt{c^2}+\sqrt{b-c^2}\right)\)
= (a-c+c).(c+b-c) = ab
<=> A<= \(\sqrt{ab}\)=> ĐPCM
Dấu"=" <=> a-c = c và c = b-c
<=> a=b=2c>0
Ta có bất đẳng thức bunhicopxki
\(\sqrt{ax}+\sqrt{by}\le\sqrt{\left(a+x\right)\left(b+y\right)}\)
Áp dụng vào ta có:
\(\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\le\sqrt{\left(a-c+c\right)\left(b-c+c\right)}\le\sqrt{ab}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a-c = b-c