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1) Theo bđt AM-GM,ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b+c}.\frac{b+c}{4}}=a\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}\ge a-\frac{b+c}{4}\)
Thiết lập hai BĐT còn lại tương tự và cộng theo vế ta có đpcm
1)Áp dụng Bđt Am-Gm \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
2)Áp dụng Am-Gm \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;a^2+c^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
=>ĐPcm
3)(a+b+c)2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca\(\ge\)3ab+3bc+3ca
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ac+a2)\(\ge\)0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge\)0
4)đề đúng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
b/ Ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\right)+\left(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2a}{c}+\frac{2b}{a}+\frac{2c}{b}\right)=\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\)
Ta có
\(1\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(1\Leftrightarrow x^2+\frac{\left(b^2+c^2\right)x^2}{a^2}+y^2+\frac{\left(a^2+c^2\right)y^2}{b^2}+z^2+\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)z^2}{c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b^2+c^2\right)x^2}{a^2}+\frac{\left(c^2+a^2\right)y^2}{b^2}+\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)z^2}{c^2}=0\)
Ta thấy rằng cả 3 phân số đó đều \(\ge0\)nên tổng 3 phân số sẽ \(\ge0\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z = 0
Với x = y = z = 0 thì
\(\frac{x^{2016}}{a^{2016}}+\frac{y^{2016}}{b^{2016}}+\frac{z^{2016}}{c^{2016}}=\frac{x^{2016}+y^{2016}+z^{2016}}{a^{2016}+b^{2016}+c^{2016}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{0}{a^{2016}}+\frac{0}{b^{2016}}+\frac{0}{c^{2016}}=\frac{0+0+0}{a^{2016}+b^{2016}+c^{2016}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0=0\)(đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\)ĐPCM
1. Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}=m\\\frac{1}{b}=n\\\frac{1}{c}=p\end{cases}}\) khi đó \(\hept{\begin{cases}m+n+p=3\\M=2\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+mnp\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng Cauchy ta được:
\(\left(m+n-p\right)\left(m-n+p\right)\le\left(\frac{m+n-p+m-n+p}{2}\right)^2=m^2\)
\(\left(n+p-m\right)\left(n+m-p\right)\le n^2\)
\(\left(p-n+m\right)\left(p-m+n\right)\le p^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(m+n-p\right)\left(n+p-m\right)\left(p+m-n\right)\le mnp\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^3+n^3+p^3+3mnp\ge m^2n+mn^2+n^2p+np^2+p^2m+pm^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m+n+p\right)\left(m^2+n^2+p^2-mn-np-pm\right)+6mnp\ge mn\left(m-n\right)+np\left(n-p\right)+pm\left(p-m\right)\)
\(=mn\left(3-p\right)+np\left(3-m\right)+pm\left(3-n\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)-3\left(mn+np+pm\right)+6mnp\ge3\left(mn+np+pm\right)-3mnp\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+9mnp\ge6\left(mn+np+pm\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(mn+np+pm\right)-\frac{1}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge2\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{2}{3}\left(mn+np+pm\right)-\frac{1}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)\)
\(=\frac{5}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{2}{3}\left(mn+np+pm\right)\)
\(=\frac{4}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2+2mn+2np+2pm\right)\)
\(=\frac{4}{3}\left(m^2+n^2+p^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(m+n+p\right)^2\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{3}\cdot3+\frac{1}{3}\cdot3^2=4+3=7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(m=n=p=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + bc + ca
=>2.(a2+b2+c2)=2.(ab+bc+ca)
<=>a2+2b2+2c2=2ab+2bc+2ca
<=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
<=>a2-2ab+b2+b2-2bc+c2+c2-2ca+a2=0
<=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2=0
<=>a-b=0 và b-c=0 và c-a=0
<=>a=b và b=c và c=a
=> a=b=c
mà a;b;c khác 0 nên
P=1+1+1=3
a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + bc + ca => 2. (a2 + b2 + c2 )= 2.( ab + bc + ca)
<=> (a2 - 2ab + b2) + (b2 - 2bc + c2) + (c2 - 2ca + a2) = 0
<=> (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2 = 0 <=> (a - b)2 = (b - c)2 = (c - a)2 = 0 (Vì (a - b)2 \(\ge\) 0; ( b - c)2 \(\ge\)0 ; (c - a)2 \(\ge\) 0
<=> a = b = c
=> \(P=\frac{a^4}{a^4}+\frac{b^4}{b^4}+\frac{a^{2016}}{a^{2016}}=1+1+1=3\)