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Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca+abc=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8\)\(=12+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)\)\(=\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{a+2}+\frac{2}{b+2}+\frac{2}{c+2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-\left(\frac{2}{a+2}+\frac{2}{b+2}+\frac{2}{c+2}\right)=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{a+2}+\frac{b}{b+2}+\frac{c}{c+2}=1\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{a}{a+2};y=\frac{b}{b+2};z=\frac{c}{c+2}\). Khi đó x + y + z = 1 và \(\frac{1}{x}=\frac{a+2}{a}=1+\frac{2}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{a}=\frac{1}{x}-1=\frac{1-x}{x}=\frac{y+z}{x}\Rightarrow a=\frac{2x}{y+z}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có: \(b=\frac{2y}{z+x};c=\frac{2z}{x+y}\)
Lúc đó bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(\sqrt{\frac{2x}{y+z}.\frac{2y}{z+x}}+\sqrt{\frac{2y}{z+x}.\frac{2z}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{2z}{x+y}.\frac{2x}{y+z}}\le3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+z}.\frac{y}{z+x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z+x}.\frac{z}{x+y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+y}.\frac{x}{y+z}}\le3\)
Theo BĐT AM - GM, ta có: \(2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+z}.\frac{y}{z+x}}\le\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{x}{z+x}\)(1)
Tương tự: \(2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z+x}.\frac{z}{x+y}}\le\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{y}{x+y}\)(2) ;\(2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+y}.\frac{x}{y+z}}\le\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{z}{y+z}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+z}.\frac{y}{z+x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z+x}.\frac{z}{x+y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+y}.\frac{x}{y+z}}\)\(\le\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{y}{x+y}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{x}{z+x}\right)=3\)
Vậy bài toán được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)hay a = b = c = 1.
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x},\text{ }b=\frac{1}{y},\text{ }c=\frac{1}{z}\Rightarrow x+y+z+1=4xyz\Leftrightarrow r=\frac{p+1}{4}\)
Cần chứng minh: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\le3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le3\sqrt{xyz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+2\Sigma\sqrt{xy}\le9xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(p+2\Sigma\sqrt{xy}\right)\le9\left(p+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\Sigma\sqrt{xy}\le5p+9\) (1)
Ta có: \(t^2+u^2+v^2+2tuv+1\ge2\left(tu+uv+tv\right)\) (quen thuộc, trên mạng chắc có)
Vì vậy: \(x+y+z+2\sqrt{xyz}+1\ge2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)\)
Hay là: \(4\left(p+2\sqrt{xyz}+1\right)\ge8\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta chứng minh: \(4\left(p+2\sqrt{r}+1\right)\le5p+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4p+4\sqrt{\left(p+1\right)}+4\le5p+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(p-3\right)^2\ge0\). Xong.
Ta có
\(\sqrt[3]{3a3b}\le\frac{3a+3b+1}{3}\)
\(\sqrt[3]{3b3c}\le\frac{3b+3c+1}{3}\)
\(\sqrt[3]{3a3c}\le\frac{3a+3c+1}{3}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được
\(\sqrt[3]{9}\left(\sqrt[3]{ab}+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ac}\right)\le2\left(a+b+c\right)+1\)
<=> \(\sqrt[3]{ab}+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ac}\le\sqrt[3]{3}\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{\sqrt{abc}}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{c}}}\right)\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{abc}}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}}{16}\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{abc}}\)
Dấu "=" xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{16}{9}\)
Đặt vế trái là P và \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=4\)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(P=\frac{1}{xy+2yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+2zx}+\frac{1}{2xy+yz+zx}\le\frac{1}{xyz}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{xy+yz+yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+xy+yz+zx}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{2}{zx}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.\frac{4}{xyz}=\frac{1}{xyz}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{4}{3}\) hay \(a=b=c=\frac{16}{9}\)
Vì abc = 1 nên ta có thể đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)\rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y};\frac{y}{z};\frac{z}{x}\right)\). Khi đó:
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}+\frac{x}{y}+2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{xy+xz+2yz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{yz}{xy+xz+2yz}\right)\left(\text{ }\right)\)(Theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz)
\(\le\frac{3}{4}\left[\Sigma_{cyc}yz\left(\frac{1}{xy+yz}+\frac{1}{xz+yz}\right)\right]=\frac{3}{4}\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{xy+yz}{xy+yz}\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z hay a = b = c = 1
đơn giản :)