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a. ( 2x + 1 )2 = 49
<=> ( 2x + 1 )2 = 72
<=> 2x + 1 = 7
<=> x = 3
b. ( 2x - 1 )4 = 81
<=> ( 2x - 1 )4 = 34
<=> 2x - 1 = 3
<=> x = 2
c. ( x + 1 )3 = 2x3
<=> x + 1 = 2x
<=> x = 1
d. ( 2x + 1 )3 = 3x3
<=> 2x + 1 = 3x
<=> x = 1
( 2x + 1 )2 = 49
<=> ( 2x + 1 )2 = ( ±7 )2
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+1=7\\2x+1=-7\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
( 2x - 1 )4 = 81
<=> ( 2x - 1 )4 = ( ±3 )4
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=3\\2x-1=-3\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-1\end{cases}}\)
( x + 1 )3 = ( 2x )3
<=> x + 1 = 2x
<=> x - 2x = -1
<=> -x = -1
<=> x = 1
( 2x + 1 )3 = ( 3x )3
<=> 2x + 1 = 3x
<=> 2x - 3x = -1
<=> -x = -1
<=> x = 1
Ta có:
A = (1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5) + (1/6 + 1/7 + 1/8) + (1/9 + 1/10 + 1/11) + (1/12 + 1/13 + 1/14) + (1/15 + 1/16 + 1/17) <
(1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5) + 3(1/6) + 3(1/9) + 3(1/12) + 3(1/15)
= 2(1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5)
< 2(1/2 + 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/4) = 3
Mặt khác A = (1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4) + (1/5 + 1/6 + 1/7 + 1/8) + (1/9 + 1/10 + 1/11 + 1/12) + (1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/16) + 1/17
> (1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4) + 4(1/8) + 4(1/12) + 4(1/16)
=2(1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4) > 2(1/2 + 1/4 + 1/4) = 2
=> 2 < A < 3
=> ko la số tự nhiên
\(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}\); \(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2\cdot3}\); \(\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3\cdot4}\); ....; \(\frac{1}{9^2}< \frac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{8}{9}\) (1)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}>\frac{1}{2\cdot3};\frac{1}{3^2}>\frac{1}{3\cdot4};\frac{1}{4^2}>\frac{1}{4\cdot5};...;\frac{1}{9^2}>\frac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+\frac{1}{4\cdot5}+...+\frac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{2}{5}\) (2)
(1)(2) => 2/5 < S < 8/9
\(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{a+1}=\frac{a+1-a}{a\left(a+1\right)}=\frac{1}{a\left(a+1\right)}< \frac{1}{a^2}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}-1-\frac{1}{a}=-1< \frac{1}{a^2}\) Vì \(\frac{1}{a^2}>0;-1< 0\)
Khi đó thì ĐỀ SAI
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2140.2141}\)
Có \(\frac{1}{2^3}< \frac{1}{2.3};\frac{1}{3^3}< \frac{1}{3.4};...;\frac{1}{2140^3}< \frac{1}{2140.2141}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2140^3}< A\). Từ đó ta tính được A
\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2140}-\frac{1}{2141}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2141}\Rightarrow A>\frac{1}{2}\). Mà \(\frac{1}{2}< \frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow A< \frac{2}{3}\)
Có \(\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2140^3}< A\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2140^3}< \frac{2}{3}\)
a, \(S=7+7^3+...+7^{1999}\)
=>\(7^2S=7^3+7^5+...+7^{2001}\)
=>\(49S-S=\left(7^3+7^5+...+7^{2001}\right)-\left(7+7^3+...+7^{1999}\right)\)
=>\(48S=7^{2001}-7\)
=>\(S=\frac{7^{2001}-7}{48}\)
b, đề thiếu