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Câu a :
Ta có : \(\sqrt{5+3x}-\sqrt{5-3x}=a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{5+3x}-\sqrt{5-3x}\right)^2=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5+3x-2\sqrt{\left(5+3x\right)\left(5-3x\right)}+5-3x=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10-2\sqrt{25-9x^2}=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{25-9x^2}=10-a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{25-9x^2}=\dfrac{10-a^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow25-9x^2=\dfrac{\left(a^2-10\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2=25-\dfrac{\left(a^2-10\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=\sqrt{\dfrac{50-\left(a^2-10\right)^2}{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\sqrt{50-\left(a^2-10\right)^2}}{3\sqrt{2}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{\dfrac{10-a^2}{2}}}}{\sqrt{50-\left(a^2-10\right)^2}}\)
Bạn tự rút gọn nữa nhé :))
Câu b : \(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-24}{z}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-3}{x}+\dfrac{y-3}{y}+\dfrac{z-12}{z}\)
\(=3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)\le3-3\left[\dfrac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{12}\right]=-1\)
bài 3:
a, đặt x12=y9=z5=kx12=y9=z5=k
=>x=12k,y=9k,z=5k
ta có: ayz=20=> 12k.9k.5k=20
=> (12.9.5)k^3=20
=>540.k^3=20
=>k^3=20/540=1/27
=>k=1/3
=>x=12.1/3=4
y=9.1/3=3
z=5.1/3=5/3
vậy x=4,y=3,z=5/3
b,ta có: x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29
A/D tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29=x2+y2−z225+49−9=58565=9x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29=x2+y2−z225+49−9=58565=9
=>x=5.9=45
y=7.9=63
z=3*9=27
vậy x=45,y=63,z=27
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(A=\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2}{z+x}\geq \frac{(x+y+z)^2}{x+y+y+z+z+x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\geq \frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x+y\geq 2\sqrt{xy}\\ y+z\geq 2\sqrt{yz}\\ z+x\geq 2\sqrt{zx}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow 2(x+y+z)\geq 2(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx})=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq 1\)
Do đó: \(A\geq \frac{x+y+z}{2}\geq \frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Bài 1 : ĐK : \(x>3\) ; \(y>5\) ; \(z>4\)
\(\sqrt{x-3}+\sqrt{y-5}+\sqrt{z-4}=20-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x-3}}-\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{y-5}}-\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{z-4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-3}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x-3}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{y-5}+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{y-5}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{z-4}+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{z-4}}\right)=20\)
Theo BĐT Cô - Si cho hai số không âm ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-3}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x-3}}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4\sqrt{x-3}}{\sqrt{x-3}}}=2\sqrt{4}=4\\\sqrt{y-5}+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{y-5}}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\sqrt{y-5}}{\sqrt{y-5}}}=2\sqrt{9}=6\\\sqrt{z-4}+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{z-4}}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{25\sqrt{z-4}}{\sqrt{z-4}}}=2\sqrt{25}=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-3}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x-3}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{y-5}+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{y-5}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{z-4}+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{z-4}}\right)\ge20\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-3}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x-3}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{y-5}+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{y-5}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{z-4}+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{z-4}}\right)=20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-3}=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x-3}}\\\sqrt{y-5}=\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{y-5}}\\\sqrt{z-4}=\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{z-4}}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=4\\y-5=9\\z-4=25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\y=14\\z=29\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\)
Vậy \(x=7\) ; \(y=14\) ; \(z=29\)
\(T\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+x+y+z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
áp dụng BĐT:\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\) với a,b,c,x,y,z là số dương
ta có BĐT Bunhiacopxki cho 3 bộ số:\(\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}};\sqrt{x}\right);\left(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}};\sqrt{y}\right);\left(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}};\sqrt{z}\right)\)
ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(=\left[\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\).\(\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}\right)^2\right]\)\(\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}}.\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}}.\sqrt{y}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}}.\sqrt{z}\right)^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
lúc đó ta có :\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
ta có \(T=\dfrac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{y^2}{y+\sqrt{zx}}+\dfrac{z^2}{z+\sqrt{xy}}\)\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}+y+\sqrt{zx}+z+\sqrt{xy}}\) mà ta có :
\(\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xy}\)\(\le\dfrac{x+y}{2}+\dfrac{x+z}{2}+\dfrac{z+y}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xy}\le x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{2019}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=673\)
vậy \(\text{MinT}=\dfrac{2019}{2}\) khi và chỉ khi x=y=z=673
Theo giả thiết \(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z}}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{xy}{z}+2x+2y+2z=9\)
Mặt khác, ta có bđt phụ: \(\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{xy}{z}\ge x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\le3\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Shwarz \(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2\le3\left(x+y+z\right)\le9\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le3\)
Ta có: \(M=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}+\dfrac{2016}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{2007}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)
\(\ge2\times\sqrt{9}+\dfrac{2007}{3}=675\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ x = y = z = 1
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x};\sqrt{y};\sqrt{z}\right)\rightarrow\left(a,b,c\right)\)