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Lời giải:
Bạn nhớ tới bổ đề sau: Với $a,b>0$ thì $a^3+b^3\geq ab(a+b)$.
Áp dụng vào bài:
$5a^3-b^3\leq 5a^3-[ab(a+b)-a^3]=6a^3-ab(a+b)$
$\Rightarrow \frac{5a^3-b^3}{ab+3a^2}\leq \frac{6a^3-ab(a+b)}{ab+3a^2}=\frac{6a^2-ab-b^2}{3a+b}=\frac{(3a+b)(2a-b)}{3a+b}=2a-b$
Tương tự:
$\frac{5b^3-c^3}{bc+3b^2}\leq 2b-c; \frac{5c^3-a^3}{ca+3c^2}\leq 2c-a$
Cộng theo vế:
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq a+b+c=3$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
\(A=\dfrac{ab+10b+25}{ab+5a+5b+25}+\dfrac{bc+10c+25}{bc+5b+5c+25}+\dfrac{ca+10a+25}{ac+5a+5c+25}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(ab+5b\right)+\left(5b+25\right)}{\left(ab+5a\right)+\left(5b+25\right)}+\dfrac{\left(bc+5c\right)+\left(5c+25\right)}{\left(bc+5b\right)+\left(5c+25\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca+5a\right)+\left(5a+25\right)}{\left(ac+5a\right)+\left(5c+25\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b\left(a+5\right)+5\left(b+5\right)}{a\left(b+5\right)+5\left(b+5\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b+5\right)+5\left(c+5\right)}{b\left(c+5\right)+5\left(c+5\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c+5\right)+5\left(a+5\right)}{a\left(c+5\right)+5\left(c+5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b\left(a+5\right)+5\left(b+5\right)}{\left(a+5\right)\left(b+5\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b+5\right)+5\left(c+5\right)}{\left(b+5\right)\left(c+5\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c+5\right)+5\left(a+5\right)}{\left(a+5\right)\left(c+5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b}{b+5}+\dfrac{5}{a+5}+\dfrac{c}{c+5}+\dfrac{5}{b+5}+\dfrac{a}{a+5}+\dfrac{5}{c+5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{b}{b+5}+\dfrac{5}{b+5}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a}{a+5}+\dfrac{5}{a+5}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{c+5}+\dfrac{5}{c+5}\right)\)
\(=1+1+1=3\) (\(a;b;c\ne-5\))
\(A=\dfrac{ab+5b+5b+25}{a\left(b+5\right)+5\left(b+5\right)}+\dfrac{bc+5c+5c+25}{b\left(c+5\right)+5\left(c+5\right)}+\dfrac{ca+5a+5a+25}{a\left(c+5\right)+5\left(c+5\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{b\left(a+5\right)+5\left(b+5\right)}{\left(a+5\right)\left(b+5\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b+5\right)+5\left(c+5\right)}{\left(b+5\right)\left(c+5\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c+5\right)+5\left(a+5\right)}{\left(a+5\right)\left(c+5\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{b}{b+5}+\dfrac{5}{a+5}+\dfrac{c}{c+5}+\dfrac{5}{b+5}+\dfrac{a}{a+5}+\dfrac{5}{c+5}\)
\(A=\dfrac{a+5}{a+5}+\dfrac{b+5}{b+5}+\dfrac{c+5}{c+5}=1+1+1=3\)
\(404=3\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\le1212\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\le2\sqrt{303}\)
Ta có:
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(2a+b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2a+b}+\dfrac{1}{2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{2c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{303}}{3}\)
Với dự đoán P đạt Min tại \(a=b=c=\frac{5}{3}\Rightarrow P=\frac{9}{20}\). Nên ta chứng minh \(P\ge\frac{9}{20}\).Thật vậy:\(P=\Sigma\frac{a}{ab+5c}=\Sigma\frac{a}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{a\left(a+b\right)+b\left(b+c\right)+c\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)}{3}\right]^3}=\frac{9}{20}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{5}{3}\)
Vậy..
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(P=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{c(a+b+c)+ab}}=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{(c+a)(c+b)}}\)
\(\leq \sum \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy $P_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}$ khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}$
Thỏa mãn $\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1$ hay $a+b+c=1$ vậy bạn?
\(R=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\frac{9}{1}=9\) ( Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy GTNN của \(R\) là \(9\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(\dfrac{a}{ab+bc+ac+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{bc+ac+ab+a^2}=\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{ac+ab+b^2+bc}=\dfrac{c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
tiep di bn ơi