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đề bài
cm
1/a+2 + 1/b+2 +1/c+2 <=1
bn p viết đề chứ???
##thiêndi###
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz :
\(\frac{a}{1+\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b}{1+\frac{c}{b}}+\frac{c}{1+\frac{a}{c}}=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)(1)
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\) :
\(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
1,
\(\frac{a}{1+\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b}{1+\frac{c}{b}}+\frac{c}{1+\frac{a}{c}}=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Holder, ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}}\right).\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}}\right)\left[a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+b^2c^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+c^2a^2\left(c^2+a^2\right)\right]\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^3=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{8}\)
=>\(VT^2\ge\frac{1}{8}.\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{a^2b^4+a^4b^2+b^2c^4+b^4c^2+c^2a^4+c^4a^2}\)
Đặt a2=x, b2=y, c2=z
=>\(VT^2\ge\frac{1}{8}.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2}\)(1)
Theo bđt Schur, ta có:
\(x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)+y\left(y-z\right)\left(y-x\right)+z\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)\ge0\)
<=>\(x^3+y^3+z^3+3xyz\ge x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\)
<=>\(x^3+y^3+z^3+6xyz+3\left(x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\right)\ge4.\left(x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\right)+3xyz\)
Vì \(xyz=\left(abc\right)^2\ge0\)
=>\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3\ge4\left(x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\right)\)
=>\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2}\ge4\)
Thay vào (1)=>\(VT^2\ge\frac{1}{2}=>VT\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=>ĐPCM
a,b,c>=0 mới được nhé
Đặt biểu thức là A
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}{a^2+b^2}>=\frac{\sqrt{2abab}}{a^2}=\frac{\sqrt{2}ab}{a^2+b^2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi có một trong 2 số a,b =0 hoặc a=b.
Tương tự=> A>=\(\frac{\sqrt{2}ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}ca}{a^2+c^2}\)
\(\sqrt{2}A>=\frac{2ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{2bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{2ca}{c^2+a^2}\)
\(\sqrt{2}A+3>=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{c^2+a^2}.\)
>=\(\frac{\left(2a+2b+2c\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=4.\)
=>A>=1/căn 2
Dấu = xảy ra khi 2 số bằng nhau, một số =0
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34, Quảng Ninh
Cho x;y;z > 0 thỏa mãn x + y + z < 1
Tìm GTNN của biểu thức \(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{2019}{xy+yz+zx}\)
Ta có bđt sau : \(\frac{m^2}{a}+\frac{n^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(m+n\right)^2}{a+b}\left(a;b>0\right)\)
Áp dụng ta được \(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{2019}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{4}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{2017}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{2017}{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(=\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{6051}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{6060}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{6060}{1}=6060\)
Dấu "=" tại x = y = z = 1/3
39, Chuyên Hưng Yên
Với x;y là các số thực thỏa mãn \(\left(x+2\right)\left(y-1\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
Tìm \(A_{min}=\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}+\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}\)
Ta có \(A=\sqrt{x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+2}+\sqrt{y^4-8y^3+24y^2-32y+17}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^4+1}+\sqrt{\left(y-2\right)^4+1}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=a\\y-2=b\end{cases}}\)
Thì \(A=\sqrt{a^4+1}+\sqrt{b^4+1}\)và giả thiết đã cho trở thành \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức \(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+\sqrt{z^2+t^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2+\left(y+t\right)^2}\)(1)
Thật vậy
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(z^2+t^2\right)}+z^2+t^2\ge x^2+2xz+z^2+y^2+2yt+t^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2z^2+x^2t^2+y^2z^2+y^2t^2}\ge xz+yt\)
*Nếu xz + yt < 0 thì bđt luôn đúng
*Nếu xz + yt > 0 thì bđt tương đương với
\(x^2z^2+x^2t^2+y^2z^2+y^2t^2\ge x^2z^2+2xyzt+y^2t^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2t^2-2xyzt+y^2z^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xt-yz\right)^2\ge0\)(Luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt (1) được chứng minh
Áp dụng (1) ta được \(A=\sqrt{a^4+1}+\sqrt{b^4+1}\ge\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+\left(1+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4}\)
Ta có \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+a+b+1=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+a+b=\frac{5}{4}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si có \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(2\left(a^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge2a\)
\(2\left(b^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge2b\)
Cộng 3 vế vào được
\(3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+1\ge2\left(ab+a+b\right)=\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Khi đó \(A\ge\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+4}=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{3}\)
Dấu ''=" tại \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{1}{2}\\b=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=\frac{1}{2}\\y-2=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(1.\sqrt{a^2+ab+b^2}\le\frac{1+a^2+ab+b^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{1}{\frac{1+a^2+ab+b^2}{2}}+\)\(\frac{1}{\frac{1+b^2+cb+c^2}{2}}+\)\(\frac{1}{\frac{1+c^2+ac+a^2}{2}}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\frac{1+a^2+ab+b^2}{2}+\frac{1+b^2+bc+c^2}{2}+\frac{1+c^2+ca+a^2}{2}}=\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3}{2}}\ge\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=VP\)
vì 3 </ 3 ( ab+bc+ca)