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Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+b^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac^2+ab^2=ca^2+cb^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(c-a\right)=b^2\left(c-a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac=b^2\)
Thế vô ta được
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2+2ac+c^2+b^2-2ac\)
\(=\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2=\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a+c+b\right)\)
Làm nốt
a) Xét hiệu a2+b2+c2+d2 -(a+b+c+d)
=a(a-10+b(b-1)+c(c-1)+d(d-1) \(⋮\)2
mà a2+b2+c2+d2 \(\ge\)0
=> a+b+c+d \(⋮\)2
hay a+b+c+d là hợp số
Tham khảo lời giải tại đây:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-abcd-la-cac-so-tu-nhien-thoa-man-doi-1-khac-nhau-va-a2d2b2c2tchung-minh-abcd-va-acbd-khong-the-dong-thoi-la-so-nguyen-to.1540844491932
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=c^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2-c^2=-2ab\)
Tương tự: \(a^2+c^2-b^2=-2ac,b^2+c^2-a^2=-2bc\)
Do đó: Vế trái = \(\frac{ab}{-2ab}+\frac{ac}{-2ac}+\frac{bc}{-2bc}=\frac{-1}{2}+\frac{-1}{2}+\frac{-1}{2}=\frac{-3}{2}\)
Bạn ơi , bao giờ giáo viên của bạn chữa cho bạn bài này thì cho mình xin lời giải nhé , mình cám ơn ạ !
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}-\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{ab\left(a-b\right)+ac\left(a-c\right)}{\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\frac{b^2}{a^2+c^2}-\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{ab\left(b-a\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a^2+c^2\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}-\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{ac\left(c-a\right)+bc\left(c-b\right)}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
Cộng các vế ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}-\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
\(=ab\left(a-b\right)\left[\frac{1}{\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(a^2+c^2\right)\left(a+c\right)}\right]\)\(+ac\left(a-c\right)\left[\frac{1}{\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)}\right]\)
\(+bc\left(b-c\right)\left[\frac{1}{\left(a^2+c^2\right)\left(a+c\right)+}-\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)}\right]\)
Giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c>0\)thì
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}-\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)>0\)
=> \(\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2}\ge\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b=c
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{bc+ab+ac}{abc}=2\)
\(\frac{bc+ab+ac}{a+b+c}=2\Leftrightarrow bc+ab+ac=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ac}\)( * )
Để \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\)thì \(2\left(\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=2\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}=\frac{a^2bc+bac^2+ab^2c}{\left(abc\right)^2}=\frac{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(abc\right)^2}=\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\)
mà a + b + c = abc \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}=\frac{abc}{abc}=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ac}=2\)
thay \(\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ac}=2\) vào ( * ) ta được \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=4-2=2\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\text{Ta có: }\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}=\frac{bc.ac+ab.ac+ab.bc}{ab.bc.ac}\)
\(=\frac{abc.\left(a+b+c\right)}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=1\left(\text{vì }a+b+c=abc\right)\)
\(\text{Lại có: }\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=4-2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=2\text{ vì }\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}=1\text{ từ}\left(1\right)\)
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