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+) \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz}{xyz}+\dfrac{bxz}{xyz}+\dfrac{cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
+) \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\dfrac{xy}{ab}+2\dfrac{xz}{ac}+2\dfrac{yz}{bc}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{xz}{ac}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{cxy}{abc}+\dfrac{bxz}{abc}+\dfrac{ayz}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{0}{abc}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+0=1\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Theo bất đẳng thức tam giác
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a< b+c\\b< c+a\\c< a+b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}b+c-a>0\\c+a-b>0\\a+b-c>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\dfrac{2}{b}\\\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{c}\\\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\) ( đpcm )
Bạn chỉ cần để ý điều này thôi: \(\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)^2=x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}=x^2-2+\frac{1}{x^2}\)
Do đó giả thiết viết lại thành:
\(\left(a^2-2+\frac{1}{a^2}\right)+\left(b^2-2+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)+\left(c^2-2+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(c-\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-\frac{1}{a}=0\\b-\frac{1}{b}=0\\c-\frac{1}{c}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{1}{a}\\b=\frac{1}{b}\\c=\frac{1}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=1\\b^2=1\\c^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a^2\right)^{1010}=1^{1010}\\\left(b^2\right)^{1010}=1^{1010}\\\left(c^2\right)^{1010}=1^{1010}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^{2020}=1\\b^{2020}=1\\c^{2010}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^{2020}+b^{2020}+c^{2020}=3\)
Câu 1:
a: Để M là số nguyên thì \(2x^3-6x^2+x-3-5⋮x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{4;2;8;-2\right\}\)
b: Để N là số nguyên thì \(3x^2+2x-3x-2+5⋮3x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+2\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{3};-1;1;-\dfrac{7}{3}\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{4a^2}{a-1}=\dfrac{a\left(a^2-1\right)+4}{a-1}=4\left(a+1\right)+\dfrac{4}{a-1}+8\ge8+8=16\)
\(\dfrac{5b^2}{b-1}=5\left(b-1\right)+\dfrac{5}{b-1}+10\ge20\)
\(\dfrac{3c^2}{c-1}=3\left(c-1\right)+\dfrac{3}{c-1}+6=12\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
a ) Để \(\dfrac{3}{-x^2+2x+4}\) đạt GTlN thì :
\(-x^2+2x+4\) phải đạt GTNN ( chắc ai cũng biết )
Ta có :
\(-x^2+2x+4\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-5\)
Tới đây chắc bạn hỉu rồi nhỉ ?
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc+ac+bc}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc+ac+ab}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+3abc=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+2abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-b\) hay \(b=-c\) hay \(c=-a\)
-Vậy trong ba số a,b,c tồn tại 2 số đối nhau.