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Bài 1: \(a+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}=\left(a-b\right)+b+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta thu được đpcm (mình làm ở đâu đó rồi mà:)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a =2; b =1 (tự giải ra)
Bài 2: Thêm đk a,b,c >0.
Theo BĐT Cauchy \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{c^2}}=\frac{2a}{c}\). Tương tự với hai cặp còn lại và cộng theo vế ròi 6chia cho 2 hai có đpcm.
Bài 3: Nó sao sao ấy ta?
bđt cần c/m tương đương với:
\(\left(\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a+c}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{c}}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\\ \ \)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\)
Mặt khác:
\(a+b+c\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
=> \(VT\ge3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
Ta cần c/m:
\(3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\)
<=> \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=3\)(BĐt Cô-si)
xong rồi bạn nhé
a/ \(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{b}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{c}}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(VT=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}}=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\)
\(VT\le\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}}=\sum\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm ta có :
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(+3\sqrt[6]{abc}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
2/
a/ \(\sqrt{a}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{a}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}}=2\), dấu "=" khi \(a=1\)
b/ \(a+b+\frac{1}{2}=a+\frac{1}{4}+b+\frac{1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{a.\frac{1}{4}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{1}{4}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{4}\)
c/ Có lẽ bạn viết đề nhầm, nếu đề đúng thế này thì mình ko biết làm
Còn đề như vậy: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\) thì làm như sau:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}\) ; \(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{yz}}\); \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{yz}}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
\(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{xz}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(x=y=z\)
d/ \(\frac{\sqrt{3}+2}{\sqrt{3}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{3}-2}{\sqrt{3}+2}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{7+4\sqrt{3}}{3-4}-\frac{7-4\sqrt{3}}{3-4}=-7-4\sqrt{3}+7-4\sqrt{3}=-8\sqrt{3}\)
e/ \(\frac{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{ab}}:\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^3+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^3}{\sqrt{ab}}.\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b-\sqrt{ab}\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(=\frac{a^2-b^2}{\sqrt{ab}}-\left(a-b\right)\) (bạn chép đề sai)
Ta có đẳng thức quen thuộc: \(\frac{xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)+2xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)}{z}+\frac{\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{\left(z+x\right)}{y}+2=\frac{\left(x+y\right)}{z}.\frac{\left(y+z\right)}{x}.\frac{\left(z+x\right)}{y}\)
Đặt \(\frac{x+y}{z}=a;\frac{y+z}{x}=b;\frac{z+x}{y}=c\) thì ta thu được giả thiết.
Vậy tồn tại các số x, y, z > 0 sao cho \(a=\frac{x+y}{z};b=\frac{y+z}{x};c=\frac{z+x}{y}\)
BĐT quy về: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
P/s: Em không chắc về cách trình bày ở chỗ phần đặt..., nhưng cách đặt trên luôn tồn tại đó!
Cách khác tự nhiên hơn!
\(a+b+c+2=abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a+1};\frac{1}{b+1};\frac{1}{c+1}\right)=\left(z;x;y\right)\text{ thì }x+y+z=1\Rightarrow a=\frac{1-z}{z}=\frac{x+y}{z}\)
Tương tự: \(b=\frac{y+z}{x};c=\frac{z+x}{y}\). Rồi giải như bài ban nãy.
Câu đề HN vừa thi hôm trước, sửa thành tìm max
Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\)
\(=6\left(a+b+c\right)\le6\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)\le\sqrt{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1/3
Làm xong mới thấy không giống lắm hihi:D
Bài 1:
Đặt \(a^2=x;b^2=y;c^2=z\)
Ta có:\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\le\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]\)
Tương tự với \(\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}\)và \(\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\)
Cộng lại ta được:
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\left[\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right]+\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\le\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Sau đó bình phương hai vế rồi
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge8xyz\)đẳng thức đúng
Vậy...
Bài 2:
Trước hết ta chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau:
\(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Nhân cả hai vế bđt với 4(a+b+c)4(a+b+c) rồi thu gọn ta được bđt sau:
\(\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}\)\(\le\frac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\left[\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+}-a\right]+\left[\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}-b\right]+\left[\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}-c\right]\le\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
\(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{ab}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{bc}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz ta có \(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}=\frac{ca}{\left(2b+c\right)+2\left(2a+b\right)}\)\(\le\frac{ca}{9}\left(\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{2}{2a+b}\right)\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(\text{∑}\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\text{∑}\left(\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ab}{2b+c}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Đặt VT=A rồi áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz cho VT ta có
\(T^2\le3\left(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\right)\)\(\le3\cdot\frac{1}{3}=1\Leftrightarrow T\le1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
c bạn tự làm nhé mình mệt rồi :D
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Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm, ta có:
\(VT=\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(+\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(+3\sqrt[6]{abc}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\))
\(\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{c+a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{bc}}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{2\sqrt{ca}}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{c}}=2\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}}+2\sqrt{\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}}+2\sqrt{\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}}\)
\(=2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{a}\sqrt{b}\sqrt{c}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)