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Bài 1 quan trong là đoán dấu đẳng thức.
1/ Có: \(36=\left(3+2+1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{3}a+\sqrt{2}b+c\right)^2\)
\(\therefore\sqrt{3}a+\sqrt{2}b+c\le6\)
\(\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{3b}{2ca}\right)+\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{2c}{ab}\right)+2\left(\frac{c}{ab}+\frac{a}{3bc}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3c}+\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{a}+\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3b}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)}{c}+\frac{\left(3\sqrt{6}\right)}{\sqrt{3}a}+\frac{\left(\frac{4\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)}{\sqrt{2}b}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}}+\sqrt{3\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{\frac{4\sqrt{6}}{3}}\right)^2}{\sqrt{3}a+\sqrt{2}b+c}\ge2\sqrt{6}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=\sqrt{3},b=\sqrt{2},c=1\)
Ta có:
\(A=a+b+c+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{9}{2b}+\frac{4}{c}\)
\(=\left(\frac{3a}{4}+\frac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{4}+\frac{4}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{4}+\frac{b}{2}+\frac{3c}{4}\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3a}{4}.\frac{3}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{b}{2}.\frac{9}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\frac{c}{4}.\frac{4}{c}}+\frac{1}{4}.\left(a+2b+3c\right)\)
\(\ge3+3+2+\frac{20}{4}=13\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 13 đạt được khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=2\\b=3\\c=4\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(9a^3+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{9a^3\cdot\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=3a\)
\(3b^2+\frac{1}{3}\ge2\sqrt{3b^2\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=2b\)
Do đó: \(A\le\text{∑}\frac{a}{3a+2b+c-1}=\frac{a}{2a+b}\left(a+b+c=1\right)\)
\(2A\le\text{∑}\frac{2a}{2a+b}=3-\text{∑}\frac{b}{2a+b}=3-\text{∑}\frac{b^2}{2ab+b^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(2A\le3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}\)
\(=3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=2\Leftrightarrow A\le1\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ngoài http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/779981.html còn cách khác
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(9a^3+3a^2+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\text{∑}\frac{a\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\text{∑}\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{a}{3}+ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}+\text{∑}ab\le\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=1\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\)
\(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+\left(a+b+c\right)a}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+\left(a+b+c\right)b}}\)
\(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)}.\frac{ab}{\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b+a}.\frac{bc}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c+b}.\frac{ca}{a+b}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{b+a}+\frac{bc}{c+a}+\frac{ca}{c+b}+\frac{ca}{a+b}\right)=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=1\)
Vậy Max P=1 khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(P=\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}=\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}=\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}.\Sigma\left(\dfrac{ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}\right)\) \(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)
Chứng minh BĐT Cauchy-schwarz:
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Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-schwarz ta có:
\(P=a^2+2b^2+3c^2=a^2+\frac{b^2}{\frac{1}{2}}+\frac{c^2}{\frac{1}{3}}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{1}{\frac{11}{6}}=\frac{6}{11}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2b=3c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{3}{2}c\)
Có: \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3c+\frac{3}{2}c+c=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{11}{2}c=1\Leftrightarrow c=\frac{2}{11}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=3c=\frac{6}{11}\\b=\frac{3}{2}c=\frac{3}{11}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\frac{6}{11}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{6}{11}\\b=\frac{3}{11}\\c=\frac{2}{11}\end{cases}}\)
Thử cách này có phải ý bạn không:
\(P=\left(a^2+\frac{36}{121}\right)+\left(2b^2+\frac{18}{121}\right)+\left(3c^2+\frac{12}{121}\right)-\frac{6}{11}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{a^2.\frac{36}{121}}+2\sqrt{2b^2.\frac{18}{121}}+2\sqrt{3c^2.\frac{12}{121}}-\frac{6}{11}\)
\(=\frac{12\left(a+b+c\right)}{11}-\frac{6}{11}=\frac{12}{11}-\frac{6}{11}=\frac{6}{11}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=\frac{36}{121}\\2b^2=\frac{18}{121}\\3c^2=\frac{12}{121}\end{cases}}\) và a,b,c > 0 tức là \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{6}{11}\\b=\frac{3}{11}\\c=\frac{2}{11}\end{cases}}\) (t/m)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\frac{6}{11}\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{6}{11}\\b=\frac{3}{11}\\c=\frac{2}{11}\end{cases}}\)
Ta có
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge9\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2014}{6}=\frac{1007}{3}\)
Từ đề bài suy ra \(0< a,b,c< 1\)
Ta có: \(P=a^2.\left(b^2.c^2\right).\left(b.c\right)\le a^2.\frac{\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2}{4}.\frac{b^2+c^2}{2}\)
\(=a^2.\frac{\left(b^2+c^2\right)^3}{8}=\frac{a^2\left(1-a^2\right)^3}{8}\)
Đặt \(1\ge a^2=t\ge0\). Khi đó \(P=\frac{t\left(1-t\right)^3}{8}=\frac{3t\left(1-t\right)\left(1-t\right)\left(1-t\right)}{24}\)
\(\le\frac{\left(\frac{3t+1-t+1-t+1-t}{4}\right)^4}{24}=\frac{27}{2048}\)
Dấu bằng tự xét!
Ấy nhầm:
Đặt \(t=a^2\) thì \(0< t< 1\)(mà cái đk này cũng không chắc lắm đâu:V, lâu ko làm quên cách xét đk r:V