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Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2015^2}\)
\(S> \frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2015.2016}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S> \frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+\frac{5-4}{4.5}+...+\frac{2016-2015}{2015.2016}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S> \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S> \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2016}=\frac{1007}{2016}\)
--------------------------
\(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{2015^2}\)
\(S< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{2014}{2015}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< \frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+...+\frac{2015-2014}{2014.2015}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-....+\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1-\frac{1}{2015}=\frac{2014}{2015}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm.
1,
đặt A= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+....+\(\dfrac{1}{2016}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2017}\)
2A=1+\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+....+\(\dfrac{1}{2015}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
2A-A=(1+\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+....+\(\dfrac{1}{2015}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2016}\))-(\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)+....+\(\dfrac{1}{2016}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2017}\))
A=1-\(\dfrac{1}{2017}\)
A=\(\dfrac{2016}{2017}\)
vậy A=\(\dfrac{2016}{2017}\)
Ta thấy A > 0 (1)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};...;\dfrac{1}{2016^2}< \dfrac{1}{2015.2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015.2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2016}=1-\dfrac{1}{2016}=\dfrac{2015}{2016}< 1\)(2)
Từ (1)(2) => 0 < A < 1
Vậy A không phải là số tự nhiên
Giải:
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016^2}>0_{\left(1\right)}.\) (do A là phân số dương).
Ta lại có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016^2}.\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+\dfrac{1}{4.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016.2016}.\)
\(< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015.2016}.\)
\(< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2016}.\)
\(< 1+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2015}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2016}.\)\(< 1+0+0+0+...+0-\dfrac{1}{2016}.\)
\(< 1-\dfrac{1}{2016}.\)
\(< \dfrac{2015}{2016}.\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1_{\left(2\right)}.\) (do \(\dfrac{2015}{2016}< 1\)).
Từ \(_{\left(1\right)}\) và \(_{\left(2\right)}\) \(\Rightarrow0< A< 1.\)
\(\Rightarrow A\) không phải là số tự nhiên.
Vậy ta thu được \(đpcm.\)
~ Học tốt!!! ~
Đặt \(S=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{1008}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1009}+\dfrac{1}{1010}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
Nên:
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{1009}+\dfrac{1}{1010}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)\)\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{1009}+\dfrac{1}{1010}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{1009}+\dfrac{1}{1010}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow A=1\)
Vậy A = 1
Chúc bạn học tốt!!
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=1+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=1-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}.4}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=5\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=1-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}.4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
A=(1-\(\dfrac{1}{2} \))(1-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))(1-\(\dfrac{1}{4}\))....(1-\(\dfrac{1}{2014}\))
=\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{4}.....\dfrac{2013}{2014}\)
=\(\dfrac{1.2.3.4.....2013}{2.3.4....2014}\\ \)
=\(\dfrac{1}{2014}\)
B=12015:2015
=1:2015
=\(\dfrac{1}{2015}\)
So sánh: \(\dfrac{1}{2014}>\dfrac{1}{2015}\)
A= 1+2-3-4+5+6-7-8+...+2013+2014
A=(1+2-3-4)+(5+6-7-8)+.....+(2013+2014)
A=(-4)+(-4)+...+(-4)+4027
A=(-4).503+4027
A=-2012+4027
A=2015
B=\(\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{2016}{2015}\)
B=\(\dfrac{3.4.5.6.....2016}{2.3.4.5.....2015}=\dfrac{2016}{2}=1008\)
Ta có :
B = \(\dfrac{2015}{1}+\dfrac{2014}{2}+\dfrac{2013}{3}+...+\dfrac{2}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2015}\) => B = \(\left(1+\dfrac{2014}{2}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{2013}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\dfrac{2}{2014}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2015}\right)+1\) => B = \(\dfrac{2016}{2}+\dfrac{2016}{3}+...+\dfrac{2016}{2014}+\dfrac{2016}{2015}+\dfrac{2016}{2016}\) => B = \(2016\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)\) Ta có :
\(\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}}{2016\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)}\)
=> \(\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
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