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\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18.25}{36.5}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0.5=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.25\cdot24=6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)
\(c.\)
\(V_{H_2\left(tt\right)}=5.6\cdot90\%=5.04\left(l\right)\)
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl ---> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
0,3<-----0,6<------------------0,3
=> m = 0,3.100 = 30 (g)
b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{150}.100\%=14,6\%\)
\(n_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{200.13,8\%}{100\%.138}=0,2(mol)\\ a,K_2CO_3+2HCl\to 2KCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ b,n_{CO_2}=n_{K_2CO_3}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ c,n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\)
a, \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,2}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,04.106}{10}.100\%=42,4\%\\\%m_{NaCl}=57,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,1}=6\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Mg+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{CH_3COOH}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=142.0,2=28,4\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ddCH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,4.60.100}{12}=200\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
b,\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
Gọi x,y,z lần lượt là số mol của Al,Mg,Zn
PT:
2Al + 6HCl--->2AlCl3 + 3H2
x-------3x----------------------1,5x mol
Mg + 2HCl--->MgCl2 + H2
y-----2y----------------------y mol
Zn + 2HCl--->ZnCl2 + H2
z----2z--------------------z mol
b.
Số mol H2: nH2=16,352/22,4=0,73 mol
1,5x+y+z=0,73
27x = 24y =>x=8y/9
=>7y/3 +z =0,73 (*)
27x + 24y + 65z=19,6
27x = 24y
=> 48y + 65z =19,6 (**)
Từ (*),(**)
=>y=0,27 => mMg =6,48 g
z=0,1=>mZn = 6,5 g
x=0,24=>mAl =6,48g
c.
nHCl =2nH2
=>nHCl =2.0,73=1,46 mol
=>V dd=1,46/2=0,73(l)
a) PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,15\cdot95=14,25\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Mg}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=53,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{10,95}{50}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)